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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Audit Principles and Audit Process | 20% | - Audit types and stages ( initiation, planning, execution, reporting) - Risk-based audit approach - Audit evidence collection techniques - Audit sampling methodology - Audit scope and objectives |
| ISMS Audit Based on ISO 19011 and ISO/IEC 17021-1 | 25% | - Measuring, monitoring, and reporting ISMS performance - Continual improvement processes - Auditing organizational structure and roles - Auditing the context of the organization - Auditing control selection and implementation (Annex A) - Auditing risk assessment and treatment processes - Auditing leadership commitment |
| Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) and the ISO/IEC 27001 Standard | 15% | - Regulatory and legal considerations in information security - Fundamental principles and concepts of information security - Overview of ISO/IEC 27001 and its relationship with ISO/IEC 27002 |
| Audit Lifecycle and Competencies of the Lead Auditor | 25% | - Conflict resolution during audits - Leading an audit team - Audit communication strategies - Audit follow-up and corrective action verification - Managing audit relationships with audited parties |
| Certification and Accreditation Framework | 15% | - ISO/IEC 17021-1 requirements for certification bodies - Principles of certification bodies - Surveillance and re-certification audits - Audit report preparation and documentation - Certification decision process |
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NEW QUESTION # 106
場景 1：Fintive 是一家傑出的線上支付和保護解決方案安全提供者。 Fintive 於 1999 年由 Thomas Fin 在加州聖荷西創立，為線上營運、希望提高資訊安全、防止詐欺並保護 PII 等用戶資訊的公司提供服務。 Fintive的決策和營運流程以以往的案例為中心。他們收集客戶數據，根據情況進行分類並進行分析。該公司需要大量員工才能進行如此複雜的分析。然而，幾年後，協助進行此類分析的技術也取得了進展。現在，Fintive 正計劃使用現代工具聊天機器人來實現模式分析，以即時防止詐騙。該工具也將用於幫助改善客戶服務。
這個最初的想法已傳達給軟體開發團隊，他們支持該想法並被分配從事該專案。他們開始將聊天機器人整合到現有系統中。此外，團隊也為聊天機器人設定了一個目標，即回答 85% 的聊天查詢。
聊天機器人成功整合後，該公司立即將其發布給客戶使用。
然而，聊天機器人似乎存在一些問題。
由於測試不足，並且在訓練階段缺乏向聊天機器人提供的樣本（在訓練階段，聊天機器人本應「學習」查詢模式），因此聊天機器人無法解決用戶查詢並提供正確的答案。此外，當聊天機器人收到無效輸入（例如奇怪的點圖案和特殊字元）時，它會向使用者發送隨機檔案。因此，聊天機器人無法正確回答客戶的查詢，而傳統的客戶支援因聊天查詢而不堪重負，因此無法幫助客戶解決他們的請求。
因此，Fintive 制定了軟體開發政策。該政策規定，無論軟體是內部開發還是外包，在作業系統上實施之前都將經過黑盒測試。
根據該場景，回答以下問題：
聊天機器人應該「學習」查詢模式來解決用戶查詢並提供正確的答案。
什麼類型的技術可以實現
這？
Answer: B
Explanation:
Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that involves the use of algorithms and statistical models to enable systems to improve their performance on a specific task over time with experience or data, without being explicitly programmed. In the context of the scenario, machine learning would be the technology that allows the chatbot to learn from patterns in queries to provide the right answers.
NEW QUESTION # 107
進行外部審核後，審核員決定內部審核員將追蹤糾正措施的實施情況，直到下一次監督審核。這是可以接受的嗎？
Answer: C
Explanation:
Yes, it is acceptable for the internal auditor to follow-up on the implementation of corrective actions until verified by the external auditor during the next surveillance audit. This practice supports continuous improvement and ensures that corrective actions are effectively implemented and maintained over time.
NEW QUESTION # 108
情境 6
Sinvestment是一家提供多種保險方案的保險公司，包括房屋保險、商業保險和人壽保險。該公司最初成立於北加州，現已將業務拓展至歐洲和非洲等其他地區。除了業務成長之外，Sinvestment還致力於遵守其所在行業的相關法律法規，並防止任何資訊安全事件的發生。他們已實施基於ISO標準的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)。
/IEC 27001，並已申請認證。
認證機構指派了一支審核團隊進行審核。審核團隊與Sinvestment簽署保密協議後，便開始了審核工作。第一階段審核的所有活動均在現場進行，但應Sinvestment的要求，對已存檔資訊的審查工作將以遠端方式進行。
審計團隊首先進行了第一階段審計，審查了所需文件，包括資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)範圍聲明、資訊安全策略和內部審計報告。已記錄資訊的評估主要基於其內容和管理流程。
此外，審計人員還發現，與資訊安全培訓和意識提升專案相關的文件不完整，缺乏關鍵細節。當被問及此事時，Sinvestment 的高階管理人員表示，該公司已為所有員工提供了資訊安全培訓課程。
第二階段審計在第一階段審計三週後進行。審計小組發現，行銷部(未包含在審計範圍內)沒有控制員工存取權限的程序。
由於控制員工存取權限是 ISO/IEC 27001 的要求之一，並且已納入公司的資訊安全政策，因此該問題被納入了審計報告。
問題
根據情境 6，審計團隊在對 Sinvestment 的資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 進行審計時，採用了哪些證據蒐集和分析方法？
Answer: A
Explanation:
The audit team used documented information review and observation for evidence collection and evaluation for analysis, making option A the correct answer. This aligns directly with ISO 19011, which identifies document review, observation, and evaluation as primary audit techniques.
In the scenario, auditors reviewed ISMS documentation remotely, observed departmental practices during stage 2, and evaluated whether controls such as access rights management and training documentation met ISO/IEC 27001 requirements. These activities constitute classic evidence-based auditing methods.
Option B is incorrect because there is no indication that technical verification or extensive sampling of systems occurred. Option C is incorrect because the audit did not rely solely on interviews, nor was trend analysis the primary analytical method used. Interviews were supplementary, not exclusive.
ISO auditing requires auditors to triangulate evidence using multiple methods. The combination of document review, observation, and evaluative analysis reflects appropriate and recommended audit practice.
NEW QUESTION # 109
情境二
Knight 是一家總部位於美國北加州的電子公司，主要開發電視遊戲機。
Knight在全球擁有超過300名員工，值此五週年之際，公司推出了面向國際市場的新一代遊戲主機G-Console。 G-Console被譽為2021年的終極多媒體設備，將為玩家帶來最佳遊戲體驗。主機組包含一副VR頭戴裝置、兩款遊戲以及其他贈品。
多年來，該公司憑藉誠信、正直和尊重客戶的良好聲譽而備受讚譽。除了是一家以客戶為中心的公司外，Knight 還因其卓越的產品品質在遊戲產業中贏得了廣泛的認可。
身為全球領先的遊戲主機開發者之一，Knight 經常成為惡意攻擊的目標。因此，該公司實施了基於 ISO/IEC 27001 的資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS)，並透過每週例會向員工傳達了該系統的適用範圍。
然而，最近 Knight 公司遭遇了一次安全漏洞，駭客洩漏了專有資訊。作為應對，事件回應小組 (IRT) 立即對系統和事件細節展開了徹底調查。最初，IRT 懷疑員工可能使用了弱密碼，導致駭客輕易存取了他們的帳戶。進一步調查發現，駭客截獲了檔案傳輸協定 (FTP) 的流量，該協定使用明文密碼進行身份驗證來傳輸資料。
鑑於此安全事件，並根據 IRT 的建議，Knight 決定以安全外殼協定 (SSH) 取代 FTP。此變更確保所有擷取的流量都經過加密，從而顯著提升安全性。
在實施這些變更後，奈特公司進行了風險評估，以驗證控制措施的實施是否已將類似事件的風險降至最低。根據風險評估結果，他們選擇了一種風險處理方案來應對風險。
問題
根據情境2，風險處理方案是根據風險評估結果來決定的。這種做法是否可以接受？
Answer: C
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 explicitly requires that risk treatment decisions be based on the results of the information security risk assessment. Clause 6.1.3 states that, after completing a risk assessment, the organization shall determine appropriate risk treatment options and select controls to implement those options.
This ensures that controls are proportionate, justified, and aligned with actual information security risks rather than arbitrary or purely cost-driven decisions.
In the scenario, Knight conducted a risk assessment after implementing SSH to replace FTP and then chose a risk treatment option based on the assessment results. This approach is fully compliant with ISO/IEC 27001.
The organization first identified the risk, implemented a control to address the vulnerability, and then reassessed the residual risk to confirm whether it was reduced to an acceptable level. This demonstrates a structured and systematic risk management process.
Option B is incorrect because ISO/IEC 27001 does not allow financial considerations to override risk assessment outcomes. While cost is a factor, it must be balanced against the risk and potential impact. Option C is incorrect because random selection of risk treatment options contradicts the fundamental principles of risk-based decision-making and would undermine the effectiveness of the ISMS.
Therefore, selecting a risk treatment option based on risk assessment results is not only acceptable but required under ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
NEW QUESTION # 110
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。審核計畫的下一步是驗證適用性聲明 (SoA) 是否包含必要的控制措施。
您查看最新的 SoA（版本 5）文檔，對原始程式碼 (A.8.4) 的存取控制進行採樣，並想了解組織如何保護從外包軟體開發人員收到的 ABC 醫療保健行動應用程式原始程式碼。
IT 安全經理解釋說，收到的原始程式碼將被檢查到 SCM 系統中，以確保其完整性和安全性。只有授權使用者才能查看軟體並進行更新。
系統會自動記錄入住和退房活動。版本控制由系統自動管理。
您在 SCM 上總共發現了 10 個使用者帳戶。他們全部來自IT部門。您進一步與人力資源經理核實，並確認其中一位用戶 Scott 已於 9 個月前辭職。 SCM 系統管理員確認 Scott 最後一次檢出原始碼是在 1 個月前。他正在安全區域使用本機網路的授權桌面之一。
您檢查了使用者登出程序，其中規定「管理人員必須確保在辭職批准後立即從相關ICT系統和/或設備註銷使用者帳戶和授權」。用戶Scott沒有註銷記錄。
IT 安全經理解釋說，Scott 是一位非常優秀的軟體工程師、前同事和朋友。
辭職後，他仍然每月回到辦公室提供原始碼維護支援。這就是為什麼他在 SCM 上的帳戶仍然存在。 「我們很了解 Scott，他在加入我們時通過了我們所有的背景調查。因此，我們認為沒有必要僅僅因為他現在是外部提供者而與他同意任何進一步的資訊安全要求」。
您準備審計結果。選出三個正確選項。
Answer: D,F,H
Explanation:
The correct options are:
There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation's access control arrangements are not operating effectively as an individual who is no longer employed by the organisation is being permitted to access the nursing home's ICT systems. This does not conform with control A.5.15. (B): This option is correct because control A.5.15 requires the organization to implement secure log-on procedures and manage user access rights. The organization should ensure that only authorized users can access the ICT systems and that the access rights are revoked or modified when the user status changes. The fact that Scott, who resigned 9 months ago, still has an active account on the SCM and can check out the source code, indicates a failure of the access control arrangements and a nonconformity with the control A.5.15.
There is a nonconformity (NC). The IT Security manager did not make sure the user account for Scott was removed from the SCM and did not complete the user deregistration process after the resignation. This does not conform with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15. : This option is correct because clause 9.1 requires the organization to monitor, measure, analyze, and evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization should have processes and indicators to verify that the ISMS requirements and objectives are met and that the ISMS is continually improved. The organization should also ensure that the results of the monitoring and measurement are documented and communicated. The fact that the IT Security manager did not follow the user de-registration procedure and did not document or communicate the exception for Scott, indicates a failure of the monitoring and measurement processes and a nonconformity with clause 9.1 and control A.5.15.
There is a nonconformity (NC). The organisation has failed to identify the security risks associated with leaving Scott's account open when he was only re-engaged for a short period monthly. This does not conform with clause 8.2. (F): This option is correct because clause 8.2 requires the organization to establish and maintain an information security risk management process. The organization should identify the information security risks, analyze and evaluate the risks, and treat the risks according to the risk criteria and the risk treatment options. The organization should also monitor and review the risks and the risk treatment plan periodically and document the results. The fact that the organization did not identify the security risks associated with Scott's access to the SCM and the source code, such as unauthorized disclosure, modification, or deletion of the information, indicates a failure of the risk management process and a nonconformity with clause 8.2.
NEW QUESTION # 111
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