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最新的 AWS Certified Professional DOP-C02 免費考試真題 (Q437-Q442):

問題 #437
A company wants to use a grid system for a proprietary enterprise m-memory data store on top of AWS. This system can run in multiple server nodes in any Linux-based distribution. The system must be able to reconfigure the entire cluster every time a node is added or removed. When adding or removing nodes an
/etc./cluster/nodes config file must be updated listing the IP addresses of the current node members of that cluster.
The company wants to automate the task of adding new nodes to a cluster.
What can a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

A. Use AWS OpsWorks Stacks to layer the server nodes of that cluster. Create a Chef recipe that populates the content of the 'etc./cluster/nodes config file and restarts the service by using the current members of the layer. Assign that recipe to the Configure lifecycle event.
B. Create an Amazon S3 bucket and upload a version of the /etc./cluster/nodes config file Create a crontab script that will poll for that S3 file and download it frequently. Use a process manager such as Monit or system, to restart the cluster services when it detects that the new file was modified. When adding a node to the cluster edit the file's most recent members Upload the new file to the S3 bucket.
C. Create a user data script that lists all members of the current security group of the cluster and automatically updates the /etc/cluster/. nodes config. Tile whenever a new instance is added to the cluster.
D. Put the file nodes config in version control. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment configuration and deployment group based on an Amazon EC2 tag value for thecluster nodes. When adding a new node to the cluster update the file with all tagged instances and make a commit in version control. Deploy the new file and restart the services.

答案：A

解題說明：
Explanation
You can run custom recipes manually, but the best approach is usually to have AWS OpsWorks Stacks run them automatically. Every layer has a set of built-in recipes assigned each of five lifecycle events-Setup, Configure, Deploy, Undeploy, and Shutdown. Each time an event occurs for an instance, AWS OpsWorks Stacks runs the associated recipes for each of the instance's layers, which handle the corresponding tasks. For example, when an instance finishes booting, AWS OpsWorks Stacks triggers a Setup event. This event runs the associated layer's Setup recipes, which typically handle tasks such as installing and configuring packages

問題 #438
To run an application, a DevOps engineer launches an Amazon EC2 instance with public IP addresses in a public subnet. A user data script obtains the application artifacts and installs them on the instances upon launch. A change to the security classification of the application now requires the instances to run with no access to the internet. While the instances launch successfully and show as healthy, the application does not seem to be installed.
Which of the following should successfully install the application while complying with the new rule?

A. Set up a NAT gateway. Deploy the EC2 instances to a private subnet. Update the private subnet's route table to use the NAT gateway as the default route.
B. Create a security group for the application instances and allow only outbound traffic to the artifact repository. Remove the security group rule once the install is complete.
C. Publish the application artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket and create a VPC endpoint for S3. Assign an IAM instance profile to the EC2 instances so they can read the application artifacts from the S3 bucket.
D. Launch the instances in a public subnet with Elastic IP addresses attached. Once the application is installed and running, run a script to disassociate the Elastic IP addresses afterwards.

答案：C

解題說明：
EC2 instances running in private subnets of a VPC can now have controlled access to S3 buckets, objects, and API functions that are in the same region as the VPC. You can use an S3 bucket policy to indicate which VPCs and which VPC Endpoints have access to your S3 buckets 1- https://aws.amazon.com/pt/blogs/aws/new-vpc-endpoint-for-amazon-s3/

問題 #439
A DevOps engineer manages an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that builds and deploys a web application on AWS. The pipeline has a source stage, a build stage, and a deploy stage. When deployed properly, the web application responds with a 200 OK HTTP response code when the URL of the home page is requested.
The home page recently returned a 503 HTTP response code after CodePipeline deployed the application. The DevOps engineer needs to add an automated test into the pipeline. The automated test must ensure that the application returns a 200 OK HTTP response code after the application is deployed. The pipeline must fail if the response code is not present during the test.
The DevOps engineer has added a CheckURL stage after the deploy stage in the pipeline.
What should the DevOps engineer do next to implement the automated test?

A. Configure the CheckURL stage to use an AWS CodeDeploy action. Configure the action with an input artifact that is the URL of the application and to report a success or failure to CodePipeline.
B. Deploy an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API that checks the response code status of the URL and that reports success or failure to CodePipeline. Configure the CheckURL stage to use the AWS Device Farm test action and to provide the API Gateway HTTP API as an input artifact.
C. Configure the CheckURL stage to use an Amazon CloudWatch action. Configure the action to use a canary synthetic monitoring check on the application URL and to report a success or failure to CodePipeline.
D. Create an AWS Lambda function to check the response code status of the URL and to report a success or failure to CodePipeline. Configure an action in the CheckURL stage to invoke the Lambda function.

答案：D

解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
To add an automated test in AWS CodePipeline that checks the HTTP response code of a deployed application, the most straightforward and operationally efficient method is to create an AWS Lambda function that makes an HTTP request to the application URL, checks the response code, and then reports success or failure back to CodePipeline.
* The Lambda function can be invoked as an action in the pipeline stage.
* If the response code is not 200 OK, the Lambda function can return a failure, causing the pipeline stage to fail and halt further execution.
* Option A's CloudWatch synthetic canary monitors are useful for ongoing monitoring but are not natively integrated as CodePipeline actions to control pipeline flow.
* Option C incorrectly uses CodeDeploy action for testing, which is not designed for this purpose.
* Option D introduces unnecessary complexity by deploying API Gateway and Device Farm, which is not required for a simple HTTP status check.Therefore, option B provides a clean, simple, and fully automated way to enforce HTTP response validation within the pipeline.
Reference from AWS Official Documentation:
* AWS CodePipeline Custom Actions:"You can create Lambda invoke actions in your pipeline stages to run custom validation or testing functions."(AWS CodePipeline User Guide - Lambda Actions)
* AWS Lambda Function for Health Checks:"Lambda functions can be used to perform health checks or API response validations and report results back to invoking services."(AWS Lambda Developer Guide)

問題 #440
A company has an application that is using a MySQL-compatible Amazon Aurora Multi-AZ DB cluster as the database. A cross-Region read replica has been created for disaster recovery purposes. A DevOps engineer wants to automate the promotion of the replica so it becomes the primary database instance in the event of a failure.
Which solution will accomplish this?

A. Configure a latency-based Amazon Route 53 CNAME with health checks so it points to both the primary and replica endpoints. Subscribe an Amazon SNS topic to Amazon RDS failure notifications from AWS CloudTrail and use that topic to invoke an AWS Lambda function that will promote the replica instance as the primary.
B. Create an AWS Lambda function to modify the application's AWS CloudFormation template to promote the replica, apply the template to update the stack, and point the application to the newly promoted instance. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke this Lambda function after the failure event occurs.
C. Create an Aurora custom endpoint to point to the primary database instance. Configure the application to use this endpoint. Configure AWS CloudTrail to run an AWS Lambda function to promote the replica instance and modify the custom endpoint to point to the newly promoted instance.
D. Store the Aurora endpoint in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Create an Amazon EventBridge event that detects the database failure and runs an AWS Lambda function to promote the replica instance and update the endpoint URL stored in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Code the application to reload the endpoint from Parameter Store if a database connection fails.

答案：D

解題說明：
EventBridge is needed to detect the database failure. Lambda is needed to promote the replica as it's in another Region (manual promotion, otherwise). Storing and updating the endpoint in Parameter store is important in updating the application. Look at High Availability section of Aurora FAQ:https://aws.amazon.
com/rds/aurora/faqs/

問題 #441
A company recently migrated its legacy application from on-premises to AWS. The application is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer which is behind Amazon API Gateway. The company wants to ensure users experience minimal disruptions during any deployment of a new version of the application. The company also wants to ensure it can quickly roll back updates if there is an issue.
Which solution will meet these requirements with MINIMAL changes to the application?

A. Introduce changes as a separate target group behind the existing Application Load Balancer Configure API Gateway to route user traffic to the new target group in steps.
B. Introduce changes as a separate environment parallel to the existing one Update the application's DNS alias records to point to the new environment.
C. Introduce changes as a separate target group behind the existing Application Load Balancer Configure API Gateway to route all traffic to the Application Load Balancer which then sends the traffic to the new target group.
D. Introduce changes as a separate environment parallel to the existing one Configure API Gateway to use a canary release deployment to send a small subset of user traffic to the new environment.

答案：D

解題說明：
Explanation
API Gateway supports canary deployment on a deployment stage before you direct all traffic to that stage. A parallel environment means we will create a new ALB and a target group that will target a new set of EC2 instances on which the newer version of the app will be deployed. So the canary setting associated to the new version of the API will connect with the new ALB instance which in turn will direct the traffic to the new EC2 instances on which the newer version of the application is deployed.

問題 #442
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