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ISC CISSP Certification Exam is a comprehensive exam that tests the knowledge and skills of experienced security professionals in various areas of information security. Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification is highly valued by employers and is recognized worldwide as a benchmark for excellence in information security. Individuals who possess this certification can demonstrate their expertise in the field and their commitment to ongoing professional development.
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The hardest part of taking this certification exam is not the test itself, but rather the time required to take it. Because there are over 200 multiple-choice questions and four security domains covered by the CISSP, you will need enough time to complete the test. As a result, CISSP preparation material must be carefully considered before you choose it. Do not choose a material that does not cover all domains and questions because it might harm your performance. You will be expected to have a thorough understanding of the latest details in each area of security, so it is essential that you are aware of this. After all, you will have to provide evidence that you are aware of all the areas that are included in the CISSP standards. There are many ways to study for the CISSP, some of which include preparing for practice exams, reading about the areas that you will be tested on, and doing research on similar topics that you will cover on the exam.
Practice exams are available in the form of CISSP Dumps to help you assess your readiness. You can also continuously review your knowledge by going through articles and blogs written on information security topics. Finally, avoid unnecessary distractions while studying because this can affect your performance.
NEW QUESTION # 1575
Which of the following is the BEST way to reduce the impact of an externally sourced flood attack?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 1576
Which of the following is a challenge in text watermarking in Digital Rights Management (DRM)
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 1577
When dealing with shared, privilaged accounts, especially those for emergencies, what is the BEST way to assure non-repudiation of logs?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The best way to assure non-repudiation of logs when dealing with shared, privileged accounts, especially those for emergencies, is to implement a password vaulting solution. A password vaulting solution is a system that securely stores and manages the passwords for shared or privileged accounts, such as administrator, root, or emergency accounts. A password vaulting solution can provide the following benefits: it can enforce strong password policies, such as complexity, length, and expiration; it can generate random and unique passwords for each account; it can encrypt and protect the passwords from unauthorized access; it can automate the password rotation and synchronization; it can grant or revoke the access to the passwords based on roles, rules, or workflows; it can audit and log the password usage and activities; and it can provide accountability and traceability for the shared or privileged accounts. A password vaulting solution can help to prevent the misuse or compromise of the shared or privileged accounts, and ensure the non- repudiation of logs.
NEW QUESTION # 1578
Which of the following is defined as a key establishment protocol based on the Diffie-Hellman algorithm proposed for IPsec but superseded by IKE?
Answer: A
Explanation:
RFC 2828 (Internet Security Glossary) defines OAKLEY as a key establishment
protocol (proposed for IPsec but superseded by IKE) based on the Diffie-Hellman algorithm and
designed to be a compatible component of ISAKMP.
ISAKMP is an Internet IPsec protocol to negotiate, establish, modify, and delete security
associations, and to exchange key generation and authentication data, independent of the details
of any specific key generation technique, key establishment protocol, encryption algorithm, or
authentication mechanism.
SKIP is a key distribution protocol that uses hybrid encryption to convey session keys that are
used to encrypt data in IP packets.
ISAKMP provides a framework for authentication and key exchange but does not define them.
ISAKMP is designed to be key exchange independant; that is, it is designed to support many
different key exchanges.
Oakley and SKEME each define a method to establish an authenticated key exchange. This
includes payloads construction, the information payloads carry, the order in which they are
processed and how they are used.
Oakley describes a series of key exchanges-- called modes and details the services provided by
each (e.g. perfect forward secrecy for keys, identity protection, and authentication).
SKEME describes a versatile key exchange technique which provides anonymity, repudiability,
and quick key refreshment.
RFC 2049 describes the IKE protocol using part of Oakley and part of SKEME in conjunction with
ISAKMP to obtain authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP, and for other security associations such as AH and ESP for the IETF IPsec DOI. While Oakley defines "modes", ISAKMP defines "phases". The relationship between the two is very straightforward and IKE presents different exchanges as modes which operate in one of two phases.
Phase 1 is where the two ISAKMP peers establish a secure, authenticated channel with which to communicate. This is called the ISAKMP Security Association (SA). "Main Mode" and "Aggressive Mode" each accomplish a phase 1 exchange. "Main Mode" and "Aggressive Mode" MUST ONLY be used in phase 1.
Phase 2 is where Security Associations are negotiated on behalf of services such as IPsec or any other service which needs key material and/or parameter negotiation. "Quick Mode" accomplishes a phase 2 exchange. "Quick Mode" MUST ONLY be used in phase 2.
References: CISSP: Certified Information Systems Security Professional Study Guide By James Michael Stewart, Ed Tittel, Mike Chappl, page 397
RFC 2049 at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2409 SHIREY, Robert W., RFC2828: Internet Security Glossary, may 2000. The All-in-one CISSP Exam Guide, 3rd Edition, by Shon Harris, page 674 The CISSP and CAP Prep Guide, Platinum Edition, by Krutz and Vines
NEW QUESTION # 1579
What kind of certificate is used to validate a user identity?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In cryptography, a public key certificate (or identity certificate) is an electronic document which incorporates a digital signature to bind together a public key with an identity - information such as the name of a person or an organization, their address, and so forth. The certificate can be used to verify that a public key belongs to an individual.
In a typical public key infrastructure (PKI) scheme, the signature will be of a certificate authority (CA). In a web of trust scheme, the signature is of either the user (a self-signed certificate) or other users ("endorsements"). In either case, the signatures on a certificate are attestations by the certificate signer that the identity information and the public key belong together.
In computer security, an authorization certificate (also known as an attribute certificate) is a digital document that describes a written permission from the issuer to use a service or a resource that the issuer controls or has access to use. The permission can be delegated.
Some people constantly confuse PKCs and ACs. An analogy may make the distinction clear. A PKC can be considered to be like a passport: it identifies the holder, tends to last for a long time, and should not be trivial to obtain. An AC is more like an entry visa: it is typically issued by a different authority and does not last for as long a time. As acquiring an entry visa typically requires presenting a passport, getting a visa can be a simpler process.
A real life example of this can be found in the mobile software deployments by large service providers and are typically applied to platforms such as Microsoft Smartphone (and related), Symbian OS, J2ME, and others.
In each of these systems a mobile communications service provider may customize the mobile terminal client distribution (ie. the mobile phone operating system or application environment) to include one or more root certificates each associated with a set of capabilities or permissions such as "update firmware", "access address book", "use radio interface", and the most basic one, "install and execute". When a developer wishes to enable distribution and execution in one of these controlled environments they must acquire a certificate from an appropriate CA, typically a large commercial CA, and in the process they usually have their identity verified using out-of-band mechanisms such as a combination of phone call, validation of their legal entity through government and commercial databases, etc., similar to the high assurance SSL certificate vetting process, though often there are additional specific requirements imposed on would-be developers/publishers.
Once the identity has been validated they are issued an identity certificate they can use to sign their software; generally the software signed by the developer or publisher's identity certificate is not distributed but rather it is submitted to processor to possibly test or profile the content before generating an authorization certificate which is unique to the particular software release. That certificate is then used with an ephemeral asymmetric key-pair to sign the software as the last step of preparation for distribution. There are many advantages to separating the identity and authorization certificates especially relating to risk mitigation of new content being accepted into the system and key management as well as recovery from errant software which can be used as attack vectors.
References: HARRIS, Shon, All-In-One CISSP Certification Exam Guide, 2001, McGraw-Hill/Osborne, page
540. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attribute_certificate http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificate
NEW QUESTION # 1580
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