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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| SD-WAN | - SD-WAN deployment
|
| Enterprise Firewall | - System configuration
|
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NEW QUESTION # 121
Refer to the exhibit.
Which two observations can you make about the web filter traffic captured using the flow tool? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Analyze the " Send to Application Layer " Message:
The most critical line in the debug output is: id=65308 ... func=av_receive ... msg= " send to application layer
"
Meaning: This message indicates that the FortiGate kernel is handing the packet over to a user-space daemon (specifically the WAD/Proxy process, indicated by av_receive handlers) for deep inspection.
Implication: This behavior is the hallmark of Proxy-based inspection. In Flow-based inspection, the traffic is handled by the IPS engine (often within the kernel or via specific IPS handlers like ips_measure), and you would not typically see a " send to application layer " message for standard web filtering.
Evaluate Option B (Firewall Policy Mode):
Since the traffic is being sent to the application layer proxy, the Firewall Policy controlling this traffic (Policy ID 1, as seen in Allowed by Policy-1) must be configured with Inspection Mode = Proxy. If it were Flow- based, the traffic would stay in the flow path. Thus, Option B is correct.
Evaluate Option C (Web Filter Profile Mode):
In FortiOS, when a firewall policy is set to Proxy-based inspection, the security profiles (like Web Filter) applied to that policy also operate in Proxy-based inspection mode. The presence of the av_receive function confirms that the content inspection (Web Filter/AV) is being performed by the proxy engine. Thus, Option C is correct.
Why Option A is Incorrect (NPU Offload):
The output shows npu_state=0x100. In the context of a flow trace where traffic is being " sent to application layer, " this confirms the session is not fully offloaded to the NPU (Network Processor). Offloaded traffic (Fast Path) is handled by the hardware and would not generate these specific CPU-level debug logs for the payload inspection phase. The proxying process requires CPU intervention.
Why Option D is Incorrect (Port Mapping):
While valid protocol mapping is necessary for inspection, the specific debug output shown is a direct result of the Inspection Mode (Proxy vs. Flow). The observation of the traffic moving to the application layer is primarily caused by the policy and profile mode settings, making B and C the direct " observations " derived from the log data.
Reference:
FortiGate Troubleshooting (Debug Flow): " If the debug flow shows msg= ' send to application layer ' , it confirms the traffic is being handled by the proxy (WAD) for Proxy-based inspection. "
NEW QUESTION # 122
Refer to the exhibit.
Based on the exhibit, what is the first message with which Spoke 1 replies to the hub, instructing it to bring up the dynamic tunnel when a client generates traffic destined for Spoke 2? (Choose one answer.)
Answer: B
Explanation:
The ADVPN shortcut negotiation begins after traffic from Spoke 1 to Spoke 2 initially travels through the hub. When the hub detects that both spokes can establish a more direct connection, the hub-not Spoke 1- sends the first control message: a shortcut offer to Spoke 1.
The SD-WAN 7.6 Enterprise Administrator Study Guide then states: "Spoke 1 acknowledges the shortcut offer by sending a shortcut query to the hub." Therefore, the first message that Spoke 1 sends in response is the shortcut query, making option A correct.
The hub subsequently forwards that query to Spoke 2. Spoke 2 responds with a shortcut reply, which the hub forwards back to Spoke 1. After Spoke 1 receives the reply containing the necessary peer information, Spoke
1 and Spoke 2 begin IKE negotiation and establish the dynamic spoke-to-spoke shortcut tunnel.
Consequently, the shortcut reply occurs later and originates from Spoke 2, while the offer originates from the hub. "Shortcut forward" describes the hub's forwarding action rather than Spoke 1's first response. This behavior is part of Fortinet's ADVPN shortcut architecture.
NEW QUESTION # 123
Refer to the exhibit.
If the default settings are m place, what can you conclude about the conserve mode shown in the exhibit?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The exhibit shows:
memory conserve mode: on
memory used: 2706 MB 89% of total RAM
memory used threshold red: 2675 MB 88% of total RAM
memory used + freeable threshold extreme: 2887 MB 95% of total RAM
The study guide states that the default thresholds are:
Extreme = 95%
Red = 88%
Green = 82%
So this FortiGate is in conserve mode because memory usage is 89%, which is above the red threshold (88%), but it has not yet reached the extreme threshold (95%).
The study guide then explains exactly what happens during conserve mode:
"For traffic that requires proxy-based inspection (and if memory usage has not exceeded the extreme threshold):
config system global
set av-failopen [off | pass | one-shot]
pass (default): All new sessions pass without inspection"
It also says:
"The av-failopen setting also applies to flow-based antivirus inspection." And the same page adds:
"If memory usage exceeds the extreme threshold, all new sessions that require inspection (flow-based or proxy-based) are blocked." Therefore, with default settings and with memory usage below the extreme threshold, FortiGate is allowing new sessions that require inspection, but bypassing inspection. That matches C.
Why the other options are wrong:
A is wrong because the default behavior is not to block proxy-based inspected sessions; the default is pass, meaning they pass without inspection B is wrong because if memory rises another 6%, it reaches 95%, which is the extreme threshold. At that point, the study guide says all new sessions that require inspection are blocked D is wrong because FortiGate blocks all new inspected sessions only when memory usage exceeds the extreme threshold, and the exhibit shows it is currently at 89%, not 95%
NEW QUESTION # 124
Refer to the exhibit.
Partial output of command diagnose debug rating is shown. Which FDS server will the FortiGate algorithm choose?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct answer is C. 64.26.151.37 .
The study guide explains the FortiGuard flags shown by diagnose debug rating:
* D = Default
* I = Initial
* T = Timing
* F = Failed and specifically: "F = The server is down"
So even though 121.111.236.179 has the lowest RTT in the exhibit, it has the F flag, meaning FortiGate considers that server failed/down , so it will not be chosen.
To determine which active server is selected, the FortiOS administration guide states:
"The server list is sorted first by weight. The server with the smallest RTT appears at the top of the list regardless of weight. ... Therefore the top position in the list is selected based on RTT while the other positions are based on weight." Among the valid, non-failed choices in the exhibit:
* 64.26.151.37 # RTT 45
* 209.22.147.36 # RTT 103
* 96.45.33.65 # RTT 144
* 208.91.112.194 # RTT 107
The active server with the lowest RTT is 64.26.151.37 , so that is the server FortiGate will choose.
So the verified answer is: C .
NEW QUESTION # 125
Refer to the exhibit.
The administrator did not override the FortiGuard FODN or IP address in the FortiGate configuration Which IP address did FortiGate get when resolving the servicem,fortiguard.net name?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The study guide explicitly explains the FortiGuard flags shown by diagnose debug rating:
D = Default
"IP addresses of servers received from DNS resolution"
It then clarifies even more specifically:
"D = The IP address FortiGate got when resolving the service.fortiguard.net name (usually two or three servers have this flag, if the administrator didn ' t overwrite the FortiGuard FQDN or IP address in the FortiGate configuration)" In the exhibit, among the answer choices, the IP address marked with the D flag is 208.91.112.194. Therefore, that is the IP FortiGate got from resolving service.fortiguard.net.
Why the other options are wrong:
B). 209.22.147.36 is not the correct choice because in the exhibit it is not the DNS-resolution entry identified by the D flag C). 64.26.151.37 has no D flag D). 96.45.33.65 has no D flag So the verified answer is: A.
NEW QUESTION # 126
......
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