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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Static Testing | 10% | - Review process - Static testing basics |
| Topic 2: Test Analysis and Design | 25% | - Test case design - Test techniques
|
| Topic 3: Tool Support for Testing | 10% | - Test tools classification - Benefits and risks of test automation |
| Topic 4: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle | 15% | - Test levels - Test types - Software development models |
| Topic 5: Fundamentals of Testing | 20% | - Seven testing principles - What is testing? - Why testing is necessary |
| Topic 6: Managing the Test Activities | 20% | - Test monitoring and control - Risk-based testing - Defect management - Test planning and estimation |
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NEW QUESTION # 254
If:
- EC = number of exercised conditional branches in a code
- EU = number of exercised unconditional branches in a code
- C = number of conditional branches in a code
- U = number of unconditional branches in a code
Which metric correctly defines the branch coverage?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Branch coverage is defined as the ratio of exercised branches (both conditional and unconditional) to the total number of branches, expressed as (EC + EU) / (C + U).
NEW QUESTION # 255
In which software development lifecycle does the tester participate in requirement reviews and test design in the initial phases, and in dynamic testing in later phases?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In sequential development models, such as the V-model, testing activities are planned early.
Testers participate in reviewing requirements and designing tests during the initial phases, while dynamic testing is performed later after the corresponding development activities have been completed.
NEW QUESTION # 256
Consider the followingiteration planning taskswhere a tester can provide value:
* Break down user stories into tasks (particularly testing tasks)
* Estimate test effort for all testing tasks
* Identify and refine functional and non-functional aspects of the test object Which ONE of the following tasks should be ADDED to the above list?
Answer: C
Explanation:
During iteration planning, testers provide input on risk analysis, testability, and the feasibility of test automation.Participating in risk analysis (B)helps identify areas needing more extensive testing.
* (A) is incorrectbecause the test strategy is usually set at a higher level (project or release level).
* (C) is incorrectas release planning is broader than iteration planning.
* (D) is incorrectsince writing user stories is mainly the responsibility of theproduct owner, though testers contribute to defining acceptance criteria.
Risk-based test prioritizationensures testing efforts are aligned with business needs and software risks.
NEW QUESTION # 257
Mark the correct sentences:
* Defects are a result of environmental conditions and are also referred to as "Failures"
* A human mistake may produce a defect
* A system mil totally fail to operate correctly when a failure exists in it
* When a defect exists in a system it may result in a failure
* Defects occur only as a result of technology changes
Answer: C
Explanation:
* The question is about marking the correct sentences among the given statements related to defects, failures, and mistakes. According to the ISTQB glossary, the definitions of these terms are1:
* Defect: A flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function, e.g. an incorrect statement or data definition. A defect, if encountered during execution, may cause a failure of the component or system.
* Failure: An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits.
* Mistake: A human action that produces an incorrect result.
* Therefore, out of the five given statements, only two are correct, namely:
* A human mistake may produce a defect: This is true, as a mistake is a source or cause of a defect, e.g. a programmer may make a mistake in writing a code statement, which results in a defect in the software component.
* When a defect exists in a system it may result in a failure: This is true, as a defect is a potential or actual cause of a failure, e.g. a defect in the software component may cause the system to fail to perform a required function when the defect is encountered during execution.
* The other three statements are incorrect, namely:
* Defects are a result of environmental conditions and are also referred to as "Failures": This is false, as defects are not a result of environmental conditions, but of mistakes or other factors, and defects are not the same as failures, but rather the causes of failures.
* A system will totally fail to operate correctly when a failure exists in it: This is false, as a system may not necessarily fail completely or stop operating when a failure occurs, but may continue to operate with reduced functionality or performance, or with incorrect results.
* Defects occur only as a result of technology changes: This is false, as defects can occur due to various reasons, not only technology changes, such as human mistakes, design flaws, requirement changes, hardware failures, etc.
References:
* 1: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms 4.0, 2023, available at ISTQB) and ASTQB).
NEW QUESTION # 258
Which of the following lists factors That contribute to PROJECT risks?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Project risks are the uncertainties or threats that may affect the project objectives, such as scope, schedule, cost, and quality. According to the ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 syllabus, some of the factors that contribute to project risks are:
Skill and staff shortages: This factor refers to the lack of adequate or qualified human resources to perform the project tasks. This may result in delays, errors, rework, or low productivity.
Problems in defining the right requirements: This factor refers to the difficulties or ambiguities in eliciting, analyzing, specifying, validating, or managing the requirements of the project. This may result in misalignment, inconsistencies, gaps, or changes in the requirements, affecting the project scope and quality.
Contractual issues: This factor refers to the challenges or disputes that may arise from the contractual agreements between the project parties, such as clients, suppliers, vendors, or subcontractors. This may result in legal, financial, or ethical risks, affecting the project delivery and satisfaction.
The other options are not correct because they list factors that contribute to PRODUCT risks, not project risks. Product risks are the uncertainties or threats that may affect the quality or functionality of the software product or system. Some of the factors that contribute to product risks are:
Poor software quality characteristics: This factor refers to the lack of adherence or compliance to the quality attributes or criteria of the software product or system, such as reliability, usability, security, performance, or maintainability. This may result in defects, failures, or dissatisfaction of the users or stakeholders.
Software does not perform its intended functions: This factor refers to the deviation or discrepancy between the expected and actual behavior or output of the software product or system. This may result in errors, faults, or malfunctions of the software product or system.
Reference = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 syllabus, Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Testing, Section 1.5: Risks and Testing, Pages 14-16.
NEW QUESTION # 259
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