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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Read, generate, and modify configuration | - Use conditional expressions - Describe HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) fundamental elements and syntax - Configure resource using `for_each` and `count` - Describe built-in dependency management (order of execution based) - Use Terraform built-in functions - Use `moved` blocks to refactor resources - Use `data` sources - Use resource addressing - Use variables and outputs - Use dynamic blocks |
| Use the core Terraform workflow | - Generate and review an execution plan for Terraform (`terraform plan`) - Describe Terraform workflow (Write -> Plan -> Create) - Apply formatting and style adjustments to a configuration (`terraform fmt`) - Validate a Terraform configuration (`terraform validate`) - Initialize a Terraform working directory (`terraform init`) - Execute changes to infrastructure with Terraform (`terraform apply`) - Destroy Terraform managed infrastructure (`terraform destroy`) |
| Understand Infrastructure as Code (IaC) concepts | - Describe advantages of IaC patterns - Explain what IaC is |
| Interact with Terraform modules | - Describe variable scope within modules and child modules - Set module version - Contrast and use different module source options including the public Terraform Module Registry - Interact with module inputs and outputs |
| Understand Terraform Cloud and Enterprise capabilities | - Describe the benefits and differences of Terraform Cloud/Enterprise vs. Terraform CLI - Describe Terraform Cloud/Enterprise workspace and variable management - Describe how Terraform Cloud/Enterprise executes Terraform runs - Describe how Terraform Cloud/Enterprise helps manage infrastructure - Describe Terraform Cloud/Enterprise VCS integration and workflow |
| Use Terraform outside the core workflow | - Use `terraform state` to view Terraform state - Describe when to use `terraform import` to import existing infrastructure into Terraform state - Describe when to enable verbose logging and what the outcome/value is |
| Understand Terraform basics | - Write Terraform configuration using multiple providers - Describe how Terraform finds and fetches providers - Install and version Terraform providers - Describe plugin-based architecture |
| Implement and maintain state | - Handle backend and cloud integration authentication methods - Differentiate remote state back end options - Describe `moved` block functionality - Outline state locking - Describe `terraform import` functionality and use cases - Understand secret management in state files - Manage resource drift and Terraform state - Describe default local backend - Describe backend block and cloud integration in configuration |
| Understand the purpose of Terraform (vs other IaC) | - Explain multi-cloud and provider-agnostic benefits - Explain the benefits of state |
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NEW QUESTION # 45
Which two steps are required to provision new infrastructure in the Terraform workflow? Choose two correct answers.
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
The two steps that are required to provision new infrastructure in the Terraform workflow are init and apply.
The terraform init command initializes a working directory containing Terraform configuration files. It downloads and installs the provider plugins that are needed for the configuration, and prepares the backend for storing the state. The terraform apply command applies the changes required to reach the desired state of the configuration, as described by the resource definitions in the configuration files. It shows a plan of the proposed changes and asks for confirmation before making any changes to the infrastructure. References =
[The Core Terraform Workflow], [Initialize a Terraform working directory with init], [Apply Terraform Configuration with apply]
NEW QUESTION # 46
Exhibit:
Error: Saved plan is stale
The given plan file can no longer be applied because the state was changed by another operation after the plan was created.
You have a saved execution plan containing desired changes for infrastructure managed by Terraform. After running terraform apply my.tfplan, you receive the error shown. How can you apply the desired changes? (Pick the 2 correct responses below.)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Rationale for Correct answer:
A: The plan is stale because state changed after it was created. The correct fix is to recreate the plan against the latest state and apply that new plan.
B: Running terraform apply without specifying the old plan causes Terraform to re-plan using the current state and configuration, then apply the resulting changes.
Analysis of Incorrect Options (Distractors):
C: -lock=false disables locking; it does not make an old plan valid and is unsafe in team environments.
D: -refresh-only changes what's recorded in state (when applied) but does not "unstale" an existing saved plan file.
E: terraform state push is for advanced/manual state management and does not update a saved plan file; using it here is inappropriate and risky.
Key Concept: Saved plans are tied to a specific state snapshot; if state changes, you must re-plan.
Reference:
NEW QUESTION # 47
You add a new provider to your configuration and immediately run terraform apply in the CD using the local backend. Why does the apply fail?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The reason why the apply fails after adding a new provider to the configuration and immediately running terraform apply in the CD using the local backend is because Terraform needs to install the necessary plugins first. Terraform providers are plugins that Terraform uses to interact with various cloud services and other APIs. Each provider has a source address that determines where to downloadit from. When Terraform encounters a new provider in the configuration, it needs to run terraform init first to install the provider plugins in a local directory. Without the plugins, Terraform cannot communicate with the provider and perform the desired actions. References = [Provider Requirements], [Provider Installation]
NEW QUESTION # 48
What is the name of the default file where Terraform stores the state?
Type your answer in the field provided. The text field is not case-sensitive and all variations of the correct answer are accepted.
Answer:
Explanation:
Terraform.tfstate
Explanation:
The name of the default file where Terraform stores the state is terraform.tfstate. This file contains a JSON representation of the current state of the infrastructure managed by Terraform. Terraform uses this file to track the metadata and attributes of the resources, and to plan and apply changes. By default, Terraform stores the state file locally in the same directory as the configuration files, but it can also be configured to store the state remotely in a backend. References = [Terraform State], [State File Format]
NEW QUESTION # 49
Terraform configuration can only import modules from the public registry.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Terraform configuration can import modules from various sources, not only from the public registry. Modules can be sourced from local file paths, Git repositories, HTTP URLs, Mercurial repositories, S3 buckets, and GCS buckets. Terraform supports a number of common conventions and syntaxes for specifying module sources, as documented in the [Module Sources] page. References = [Module Sources]
NEW QUESTION # 50
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