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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
| Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
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NEW QUESTION # 333
場景3：NightCore是一家總部位於美國的跨國科技公司，專注於電子商務、雲端運算、數位串流媒體和人工智慧。在實施資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 8 個多月後，他們聘請了認證機構進行第三方審核，以獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。
認證機構成立了一個由七名審核員組成的團隊。傑克是最有經驗的審核員，被任命為審核組組長。多年來，他獲得了許多知名認證，例如 ISO/IEC 27001 首席審核員、CISA、CISSP 和 CISM。
Jack 透過研究和評估 NightCore 實施的每項資訊安全要求和控制，對 ISMS 審查的每個階段進行了全面分析。在第二階段審核期間。傑克發現了一些不合格項。在將購買的軟體許可證發票數量與軟體庫存進行比較後，傑克發現該公司的許多電腦一直在使用非法版本的軟體。他決定要求高階主管對這項違規行為做出解釋，看看他們是否意識到這一點。他的下一步是審計 NightCore 的 IT 部門。高層指派 NightCore 的系統管理員 Tom 擔任指導，陪伴 Jack 和稽核團隊了解系統和數位資產基礎設施的內部運作。
在採訪財務部的一名成員時，審計人員發現該公司最近向其一名顧問進行了一些不尋常的大額交易。收集有關交易的所有必要詳細資訊後。傑克決定直接訪問高階主管。
在討論第一個不合格項時，高階主管告訴傑克，他們願意決定使用複製軟體而不是原始軟體，因為它更便宜。 Jack向NightCore的高層解釋說，使用非法版本的軟體違反了ISO/IEC 27001和國家法律法規的要求。然而，他們似乎對此感到滿意。
在審計幾個月後，Jack 將他在審計期間收集的一些 NightCore 資訊出售給了 NightCore 的競爭對手，以獲取巨額資金。
根據該場景，回答以下問題：
ISO/IEC 27001 是否要求組織遵守國家法律法規？
Answer: B
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27001 requires organizations to comply with applicable legal, statutory, regulatory, and contractual requirements, including those pertaining to information security. These requirements must be identified, documented, and kept up to date as part of the organization's ISMS.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Standard, Clause 6.1.3 (Information security requirements)
NEW QUESTION # 334
您詢問IT經理，既然個人資料加密和匿名化測試失敗，為什麼組織仍然繼續使用該行動應用程式。此外，您也詢問服務經理是否有權批准測試。
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理流程，測試結果需要他批准。加密和匿名化功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能，需要額外150%的資源來彌補。服務經理認為存取控制已經足夠完善，可以接受，因此簽署了批准文件。
你抽取了一名醫務人員的手機進行測試，發現安裝了ABC公司的醫療保健行動應用，版本號為1.01。你發現1.01版本沒有測試記錄。
IT經理解釋說，由於勒索軟體攻擊頻繁發生，外包的行動應用開發公司對測試軟體進行了一次免費的小版本更新，緊急發布了更新後的軟體，並口頭保證不會對任何安全功能造成影響。
根據他20年的資訊安全經驗，沒有必要重新測試。
您正在準備審計結果。請選擇兩個正確的選項。
* 不存在任何不符合項 (NC)。 IT 經理已證明其完全勝任該項工作。 (與第 7.2 條相關)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 8.30, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes developing and entering into licensing agreements that cover code ownership and intellectual property rights, and implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to secure design and coding in accordance with Annex A 8.25 and 8.2912 In this case, the organisation and the developer have performed security tests that failed, which indicates that the secure design and coding requirements of Annex A 8.29 were not met. The IT Manager explains that the encryption and pseudonymization functions failed because they slowed down the system and service performance, and that an extra 150% of resources are needed to cover this. However, this does not justify the acceptance of the test results by the Service Manager, who is not authorised to approve the test according to the software security management procedure. The Service Manager should have consulted with the IT Manager, who is the owner of the process, and followed the procedure for handling nonconformities and corrective actions. The Service Manager's decision to continue the service based on access control alone exposes the organisation to the risk of compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data processed by the mobile app. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1, control A.8.30.
According to ISO 27001:2022 Clause 8.1, the organisation shall plan, implement and control the processes needed to meet information security requirements, and to implement the actions determined in Clause
6.1. The organisation shall also control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes, taking action to mitigate any adverse effects, as necessary12 In this case, the organisation has not controlled the planned change of the mobile app from version 1.0 to version 1.01, which was a minor update provided by the outsourced developer in response to frequent ransomware attacks. The IT Manager explains that the developer performed an emergency release of the updated software, and gave a verbal guarantee that there will be no impact on any security functions.
However, this is not sufficient to ensure that the change is properly assessed, tested, documented, and approved before deployment. The IT Manager should have followed the change management process and procedure, and verified that the updated software meets the security requirements and does not introduce any new vulnerabilities or risks. The IT Manager's reliance on his 20 years of information security experience and the developer's verbal guarantee is not a valid basis for skipping the re-testing of the software. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 335
您是審核小組組長，對電信服務供應商進行第三方監督審核。您已將審核組織的資訊安全目標的責任分配給審核團隊的初級成員。在他們開始評估之前，您可以問他們以下問題來檢查他們對 ISO 要求的理解
/IEC 27001:2022。
資訊安全目標必須符合下列哪四項標準？
Answer: B,C,E,H
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.2, information security objectives are the specific results that an organisation intends to achieve with its information security management system (ISMS). The standard specifies that information security objectives must fulfil the following criteria:
* They must be communicated appropriately (A): The organisation must ensure that the relevant internal and external parties are informed about the information security objectives and their roles and responsibilities in achieving them. This can help to create awareness, commitment, and accountability for information security. This criterion is related to clause 6.2.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
* They must be available as documented information (B): The organisation must maintain and retain documented information on the information security objectives, including their scope, level, indicators, and time frame. This can help to provide evidence, traceability, and consistency for information security. This criterion is related to clause 6.2.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
* They must be consistent with the IS Policy (G): The organisation must ensure that the information security objectives are aligned with the information security policy, which is the top-level statement of the organisation's intentions and direction for information security. This can help to support the strategic objectives and the context of the organisation. This criterion is related to clause 5.2 of ISO/IEC
27001:2022.
* They must be achievable (H): The organisation must ensure that the information security objectives are realistic and attainable, considering the available resources, capabilities, and constraints. This can help to avoid setting unrealistic or unfeasible expectations and to monitor and measure the progress and performance of information security. This criterion is related to clause 6.2.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements1
* PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor2
* ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor - PECB3
* ISO 27001:2022 certified ISMS lead auditor - Jisc4
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Transition Training Course5
* ISO 27001 - Information Security Lead Auditor Course - PwC Training Academy6
NEW QUESTION # 336
您正在 ABC Healthcare Services 的療養院執行 ISO 27001 ISMS 監督審核。 ABC 使用由供應商 WeCare 設計和維護的醫療保健行動應用程式來監控居民的健康狀況。在審計過程中，您了解到90%的居民家庭成員每週一次透過電子郵件和簡訊定期收到WeCare的醫療器材廣告。 ABC 與 WeCare 之間的服務協議禁止供應商使用居民的個人資料。美國廣播公司已收到許多居民及其家人的投訴。
服務經理表示，這些投訴作為資訊安全事件進行了調查，發現這些投訴是合理的。已根據不合格和糾正措施管理程序規劃並實施糾正措施。
您寫了一份不合格項“ABC 未能遵守與居民及其家庭成員的個人資料相關的資訊安全控制 A.5.34（隱私和 PII 保護）。供應商 WeCare 使用居民的個人資訊向家庭成員”，從列出的糾正和糾正措施中選擇您希望ABC 針對不合格項採取的三個選項
Answer: D,G,H
Explanation:
According to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) course, the following corrections and corrective actions are expected from ABC in response to the nonconformity:
* B. The Service Manager provides evidence of analysis of the cause of nonconformity and how the ABC evaluates the effectiveness of implemented corrective actions. This is part of the requirement of clause
10.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organization shall determine the causes of nonconformities and evaluate the need for action to ensure that they do not recur or occur elsewhere12.
The organization shall also evaluate the effectiveness of any corrective actions taken12.
* F. ABC identifies and checks compliance with all applicable legislation and contractual requirements involving third parties. This is part of the requirement of clause 4.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organization shall determine the external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that affect its ability to achieve the intended outcome(s) of its information security management system12. This includes the legal and contractual requirements related to the information security aspects of the organization's activities, products and services12.
* G. The Service Manager implements the corrective actions and Customer Service Representatives evaluate the effectiveness of implemented corrective actions. This is part of the requirement of clause
10.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organization shall implement any action needed and retain documented information as evidence of the results of any action taken12. The organization shall also monitor, measure, analyze and evaluate the information security performance and the effectiveness of the information security management system12.
References:
* 1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) course, CQI and IRCA Certified Training, 1
* 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course, PECB, 2
NEW QUESTION # 337
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。審核計畫的下一步是驗證業務連續性管理流程的資訊安全性。在審計過程中，您了解到該組織啟動了其中一項業務連續性計劃 (BCP)，以確保護理服務在最近的大流行期間繼續進行。您要求服務經理解釋組織如何在業務連續性管理流程中管理資訊安全。
服務經理介紹了針對大流行的護理服務連續性計劃，並將流程總結如下：
停止接納任何新居民。
70%的行政人員和30%的醫護人員將在家工作。
定期對員工進行自我檢測，包括在來辦公室前 1 天提交陰性檢測報告。
安裝 ABC 的醫療保健行動應用程序，追蹤他們的足跡並出示綠色健康狀況二維碼以供現場檢查。
您詢問服務經理，當員工在家工作時，如何防止非相關家庭成員或利害關係人存取居民的個人資料。服務經理無法回答，並建議 IT 安全經理應提供協助。
您想進一步調查其他領域以收集更多審計證據。選擇三個不會出現在您的審核追蹤中的選項。
Answer: A,D,H
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 6.1, the organization must establish, implement and maintain an information security risk management process that includes the following activities:
establishing and maintaining information security risk criteria;
ensuring that repeated information security risk assessments produce consistent, valid and comparable results; identifying the information security risks; analyzing the information security risks; evaluating the information security risks; treating the information security risks; accepting the information security risks and the residual information security risks; communicating and consulting with stakeholders throughout the process; monitoring and reviewing the information security risks and the risk treatment plan.
According to control A.5.29, the organization must establish, document, implement and maintain processes, procedures and controls to ensure the required level of continuity for information security during a disruptive situation. The organization must also:
determine its requirements for information security and the continuity of information security management in adverse situations, e.g. during a crisis or disaster; establish, document, implement and maintain processes, procedures and controls to ensure the required level of continuity for information security during an adverse situation; verify the availability of information processing facilities.
Therefore, the following options will not be in your audit trail, as they are not relevant to the information security risk management process or the information security continuity process:
E . Collect more evidence on how the organisation makes sure all staff periodically conduct a positive Covid test (Relevant to control A.7.2). This is not relevant to the information security aspects of business continuity management, as it is related to the health and safety of the staff, not the protection of information assets. Control A.7.2 is about screening of personnel prior to employment, not during employment.
G . Collect more evidence on how the organisation performs a business risk assessment to evaluate how fast the existing residents can be discharged from the nursing home. (Relevant to clause 6). This is not relevant to the information security aspects of business continuity management, as it is related to the operational and financial aspects of the business, not the identification and treatment of information security risks. Clause 6 is about the information security risk management process, not the business risk management process.
H . Collect more evidence on what resources the organisation provides to support the staff working from home. (Relevant to clause 7.1). This is not relevant to the information security aspects of business continuity management, as it is related to the general provision of resources for the ISMS, not the specific processes, procedures and controls to ensure the continuity of information security during a disruptive situation. Clause 7.1 is about determining and providing the resources needed for the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the ISMS, not the resources needed for the staff working from home.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clauses 6.1, 7.1, and Annex A control A.5.29
[PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor], pages 14-15, 17, 22-23 ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 5.29 - What's New?
ISO 22301 Business Continuity Management System
NEW QUESTION # 338
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