EX380 Deutsch, EX380 Prüfungsvorbereitung

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RedHat EX380 Prüfungsplan:

ThemaEinzelheiten
Thema 1
  • Back up and restore applications with OpenShift API for Data Protection (OADP): Covers deploying OADP, performing full application backups including data and resources, using volume snapshots, and scheduling and restoring backups.
Thema 2
  • Manage cluster monitoring and metrics: Covers troubleshooting application and cluster performance issues and managing alerts and notifications.
Thema 3
  • Manage workloads with pod scheduling: Covers controlling where pods run using taints, tolerations, labels, selectors, affinity rules, and pod disruption budgets to ensure workload placement and resiliency.
Thema 4
  • Implement OpenShift GitOps: Covers deploying and configuring Argo CD with the GitOps operator to manage both cluster administration and application delivery through Git-based pipelines and integrations.

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RedHat Red Hat Certified Specialist in OpenShift Automation and Integration EX380 Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen (Q12-Q17):

12. Frage
Add a second Identity Provider (HTPasswd) alongside LDAP
Task Information : Configure multiple identity providers by adding an HTPasswd IDP without removing the existing LDAP IDP.

Antwort:

Begründung:
See the solution below in Explanation:
Explanation:
* Create a local htpasswd file with a test user
* htpasswd -c -B -b /tmp/htpass.txt testuser RedHat123!
* -c creates a new file (use only once).
* -B uses bcrypt hashing (recommended).
* -b supplies password non-interactively (good for labs).
* Create the HTPasswd secret in openshift-config
* oc -n openshift-config create secret generic htpass-secret --from-file=htpasswd=/tmp/htpass.txt
* OAuth reads the htpasswd key from this secret.
* Edit OAuth and add the HTPasswd provider (keep LDAP intact)
* oc edit oauth cluster
Add another entry under spec.identityProviders:
- name: local-htpasswd
mappingMethod: claim
type: HTPasswd
htpasswd:
fileData:
name: htpass-secret
* This adds a second login option while preserving LDAP.
* Restart OAuth pods
* oc -n openshift-authentication delete pod -l app=oauth-openshift
* Ensures the updated list of identity providers is loaded.
* Verify login works for htpasswd user
* Log in via console using testuser.
* Confirm the user is created:
* oc get user testuser


13. Frage
Silence an alert in Alertmanager
Task Information : Create an Alertmanager silence for a noisy alert for 2 hours, then confirm it's silenced.

Antwort:

Begründung:
See the solution below in Explanation:
Explanation:
* Find the alert name and labels
* Web console: Observe # Alerts # click the alert to view label set.
* Open Alertmanager silences
* Observe # Alerting # Alertmanager # Silences # Create silence
* Explanation: Silences mute alerts matching label filters.
* Create the silence
* Add matcher: alertname = < ALERT_NAME >
* Duration: 2 hours
* Save.
* Verify the alert shows as silenced
* The alert should indicate it is silenced in the UI.


14. Frage
Spread replicas using podAntiAffinity
Task Information : Configure payments/api to prefer scheduling pods on different nodes.

Antwort:

Begründung:
See the solution below in Explanation:
Explanation:
* Patch deployment with preferred podAntiAffinity
* oc -n payments patch deploy api --type=merge -p '{
* "spec":{"template":{"spec":{"affinity":{
* "podAntiAffinity":{
* "preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution":[{
* "weight":100,
* "podAffinityTerm":{
* "labelSelector":{"matchLabels":{"app":"api"}},
* "topologyKey":"kubernetes.io/hostname"
* }
* }]
* }
* }}}}
* }'
* Encourages spread across nodes to reduce single-node impact.
* Verify spread
* oc -n payments get pods -o wide


15. Frage
Backup and Restore - Restore Application from Existing Backup

Antwort:

Begründung:
See the solution below in Explanation:
Explanation:
Step 1: Make sure Velero is installed and configured in the environment.
The Task SIMULATION assumes an existing backup named backup-app-daily is already present.
Step 2: Run the restore command:
velero restore create --from-backup backup-app-daily
Step 3: Confirm the restore request is submitted.
The lab output shows:
Restore request "backup-app-daily-2024" submitted successfully.
Detailed explanation:
This command instructs Velero to create a restore operation using the existing backup called backup-app- daily. Velero is commonly used to protect Kubernetes and OpenShift resources by backing up object definitions and, when configured, persistent data integrations. The command does not manually recreate resources one by one; instead, it leverages the metadata captured during backup. A successful restore submission means the request has been accepted, not necessarily that every object has already been fully restored. In practical administration, you would often follow this by checking restore status and validating the application namespace, pods, services, routes, and storage bindings. This lab Task SIMULATION focuses specifically on initiating the restore from the named backup source.


16. Frage
Create and use client certificates with kubeconfig (CSR flow)
Task Information : Generate a client key/CSR for audit2, approve it, extract the signed cert, and build a kubeconfig using that cert.

Antwort:

Begründung:
See the solution below in Explanation:
Explanation:
* Generate private key and CSR
* openssl genrsa -out audit2.key 2048
* openssl req -new -key audit2.key -out audit2.csr -subj "/CN=audit2/O=auditors"
* CN becomes username; O can map to groups in some setups.
* Base64 encode CSR for the API object
* CSR=$(base64 -w0 audit2.csr)
* Kubernetes CSR object expects base64-encoded request data.
* Create the CSR object
* cat < < EOF | oc apply -f -
* apiVersion: certificates.k8s.io/v1
* kind: CertificateSigningRequest
* metadata:
* name: audit2-csr
* spec:
* request: ${CSR}
* signerName: kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client
* usages:
* - client auth
* EOF
* Approve the CSR
* oc adm certificate approve audit2-csr
* Approval triggers certificate issuance.
* Extract the signed certificate
* oc get csr audit2-csr -o jsonpath='{.status.certificate}' | base64 -d > audit2.crt
* Produces the client certificate file.
* Build kubeconfig using cert/key
* oc config set-credentials audit2 \
* --client-certificate=audit2.crt --client-key=audit2.key \
* --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=audit2.kubeconfig
* oc config set-cluster lab \
* --server="$(oc whoami --show-server)" \
* --insecure-skip-tls-verify=true \
* --kubeconfig=audit2.kubeconfig
* oc config set-context audit2 \
* --cluster=lab --user=audit2 --namespace=default \
* --kubeconfig=audit2.kubeconfig
* Creates a kubeconfig that authenticates using client certificates.
* Test
* oc --kubeconfig=audit2.kubeconfig get ns


17. Frage
......

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EX380 Prüfungsvorbereitung: https://www.zertsoft.com/EX380-pruefungsfragen.html