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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 | 30% | - Support, operation, performance evaluation and improvement
|
| Auditing Principles and Practices | 30% | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Information Security Controls (ISO/IEC 27002:2022) | 25% | - Control categories and implementation guidance
|
| Fundamental Concepts of Information Security | 15% | - Information security principles and definitions
|
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質問 # 220
場景 7:Lawsy 是一家領先的律師事務所,在新澤西州和紐約市設有辦公室。它擁有 50 多名律師,為商業法、智慧財產權、銀行和金融服務領域的客戶提供完善的法律服務。他們相信,由於他們致力於實施資訊安全最佳實踐並跟上技術發展的步伐,他們在市場上佔據了有利的地位。
Lawsy 已經嚴格實施、評估和進行 ISMS 內部審核兩年了。
現在,他們已向知名且值得信賴的認證機構ISMA申請ISO/IEC 27001認證。
在第一階段審核期間,審核小組審查了實施過程中所建立的所有 ISMS 文件。
他們還審查和評估了管理審查和內部審計的記錄。
Lawsy 提交了證據記錄,表明在必要時對不合格項採取了糾正措施,因此審核組約談了內部審核員。訪談透過提供對內部稽核計畫和程序的詳細了解,驗證了內部稽核的充分性和頻率。
審計小組繼續驗證戰略文件,包括資訊安全政策和風險評估標準。在資訊安全政策審查期間,團隊注意到描述治理框架(即資訊安全政策)的記錄資訊與程序之間存在不一致。
儘管允許員工將筆記型電腦帶到工作場所之外,但 Lawsy 並沒有製定有關在這種情況下使用筆記型電腦的程序。此政策僅提供有關筆記型電腦使用的一般資訊。該公司依靠員工的常識來保護筆記型電腦中儲存的資訊的機密性和完整性。該問題已記錄在第一階段審計報告中。
完成第一階段審核後,審核組長準備了審核計劃,其中規定了審核目標、範圍、標準和程序。
在第二階段審核期間,審核小組約談了資安經理,資安經理起草了資訊安全政策。他透過指出 Lawsy 每三個月舉辦一次強制性資訊安全培訓和意識課程來證明第一階段中確定的問題的合理性。
面談後,審核小組檢查了 15 份員工培訓記錄(共 50 份),得出的結論是 Lawsy 符合 ISO/IEC 27001 有關培訓和意識的要求。為了支持這個結論,他們影印了檢查過的員工訓練記錄。
根據上述場景,回答以下問題:
審核小組透過檢查 50 份員工培訓記錄中的 15 份得出結論,Lawsy 符合 ISO/IEC 27001 與培訓和意識相關的要求(如場景 7 中所述)。
正解:A
解説:
This scenario presents a risk related to the sample size. Examining only 15 out of 50 employee training records may not provide a fully representative view of the entire organization's adherence to the training and awareness requirements of ISO/IEC 27001. There is a risk that this sample size is not sufficient to justify a general conclusion about the entire organization.
質問 # 221
您正在一家受 ABC 監管、提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。
審核計畫的下一步是驗證持續改善流程的有效性。在審計過程中,您了解到大多數居民家庭成員(90%)每週都會透過ABC的醫療保健行動應用程式透過電子郵件和簡訊收到一次WeCare醫療器材促銷廣告。他們均不同意將所收集的個人資料用於與ABC 簽署的服務協議上(或行銷或除護理和醫療之外的任何其他目的)。的資訊」個人資訊給不相關的第三方,他們已提出投訴。
服務經理表示,所有這些投訴均已被視為不合格,並且已根據不合格和糾正管理程序規劃和實施糾正措施。糾正措施包括立即停止與醫療設備製造商 WeCare 的合作,要求他們刪除收到的所有個人數據,並向所有居民及其家人發送道歉電子郵件。
您正在準備審計結果。選擇一項正確的發現選項。
正解:B
解説:
According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 8.1.4, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to information security with external providers, such as customers who send ICT equipment for reclamation12 In this case, ABC is a residential nursing home that provides healthcare services to its residents and collects their personal data and their family members' personal data. ABC has a signed service agreement with the residents' family members that states that the collected personal data will not be used for marketing or any other purposes than nursing and medical care. However, ABC has violated this contractual requirement by sharing the personal data with WeCare, a medical device manufacturer, who has used the data to send promotional advertisements to the residents' family members via email and SMS. This has caused dissatisfaction and complaints from the residents' family members, who have a strong reason to believe that ABC is leaking their personal information to a non-relevant third party.
Therefore, the audit finding is a nonconformity with clause 8.1.4 of ISO 27001:2022, as ABC has failed to control the externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system, and has breached the contractual requirements related to information security with its customers. The fact that ABC has taken corrective actions to stop working with WeCare and to apologise to the customers does not eliminate the nonconformity, but only mitigates its consequences. The nonconformity still needs to be recorded, evaluated, and reviewed for effectiveness and improvement.
Reference:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
質問 # 222
場景 3:Rebuildy 是一家位於泰國曼谷的建築公司,專門從事住宅建築的設計、建造和維護。為了確保敏感專案資料和客戶資訊的安全,Rebuildy 決定實施基於 ISO/IEC 27001 的資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS)。
ISMS 實施成果如下
* 資訊安全是透過應用一系列安全控制和製定政策、流程和程序來實現的。
* 安全控制是根據風險評估實施的,旨在消除風險或將風險降低到可接受的水平。
* 所有流程均基於計劃-執行-檢查-行動 (PDCA) 模型確保 ISMS 的持續改進。
* 資訊安全政策是根據最佳安全實務起草的安全手冊的一部分,因此,它不是一份獨立的文件。
* 資訊安全角色和職責已在每位員工的職位說明中明確說明
* 資訊安全管理系統的管理評審是依照計畫的時間間隔進行的。
Rebuildy 在經歷了兩次中期管理評審和一次年度內部審計後申請了認證。該前員工向審計團隊成員 Electra 提交了書面證據,Rebuildy 的主要客戶 Electra 也提交了有關相同問題的證據,審計員決定保留這份證據,而不是前員工的證據。審計團隊成員一直與 Electra 保持聯繫,直至審計完成,討論審計期間發現的不符合。伊萊克特拉提供了額外的證據來支持這些發現。
在審核開始時,審核小組對公司高階主管進行了訪談,討論了高階主管對 ISMS 實施的承諾等事項。從這些討論中獲得的證據都記錄在書面確認書中,用於確定 Rebuildy 是否符合 ISO/IEC 27001 的幾個條款。其中,發現以下不符合:
* 在公司的財務報告系統中偵測到了不當的使用者存取控制設定實例。
* 尚未建立獨立的資訊安全政策。相反,該公司使用根據最佳安全實踐起草的安全手冊。
在收到審計團隊的這些文件後,團隊負責人會見了 Rebuildy 的高層管理層,介紹了審計結果。審計小組報告了與財務報告系統和缺乏獨立資訊安全政策有關的調查結果。高階主管對調查結果表示不滿,並認為審計組長的行為不專業,暗示他們可能會要求更換組長。迫於壓力,審計組長決定與高階主管合作,淡化所發現的不符合項的重要性。因此,審計團隊負責人調整了報告以呈現更有利的觀點,從而歪曲了 Rebuildy 合規問題的真實程度。
根據上述情景,回答以下問題:
情境 3 中所描述的哪一種行為顯示審計組長違反了獨立性原則?
正解:A
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
A . Correct Answer:
Independence is compromised when an auditor alters audit findings under pressure.
The audit team leader misrepresented compliance, violating ISO 19011's principles of objectivity and integrity.
B . Incorrect:
Including anonymous evidence in an audit report is acceptable as long as it is verified.
C . Incorrect:
While revealing confidential information would be unethical, it was not mentioned in the scenario.
Relevant Standard Reference:
質問 # 223
您正在療養院進行 ISMS 審核,療養院的住戶總是戴著電子腕帶來監測他們的位置、心跳和血壓。腕帶會自動將這些資料上傳到雲端伺服器,供工作人員進行醫療保健監控和分析。
您現在希望驗證最高管理層是否已製定資訊安全策略和目標。您正在對行動裝置策略進行抽樣,並確定該策略的安全目標是「確保遠端辦公和行動裝置使用的安全」。
禁止個人行動裝置連接至療養院網路、處理和儲存居民資料。
本公司在ISMS範圍內的行動裝置應在資產登記冊中登記。
本公司的行動裝置應實施或啟用實體保護,即密碼保護的螢幕鎖定/解鎖、臉部或指紋解鎖裝置。
本公司的行動裝置應定期備份。
若要驗證行動裝置策略和目標是否已實施且有效,請為稽核追蹤選擇三個選項。
正解:E、F、G
解説:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), clause 5.2 requires top management to establish an information security policy that provides the framework for setting information security objectives1. Clause 6.2 requires top management to ensure that the information security objectives are established at relevant functions and levels1. Therefore, when verifying that the information security policy and objectives have been established by top management, an ISMS auditor should review relevant documents and records that demonstrate top management's involvement and commitment.
To verify that the mobile device policy and objectives are implemented and effective, an ISMS auditor should review relevant documents and records that demonstrate how the policy and objectives are communicated, monitored, measured, analyzed, and evaluated. The auditor should also sample and verify the implementation of the controls that are stated in the policy.
Three options for the audit trail that are relevant to verifying the mobile device policy and objectives are:
Review the internal audit report to make sure the IT department has been audited: This option is relevant because it can provide evidence of how the IT department, which is responsible for managing the mobile devices and their security, has been evaluated for its conformity and effectiveness in implementing the mobile device policy and objectives. The internal audit report can also reveal any nonconformities, corrective actions, or opportunities for improvement related to the mobile device policy and objectives.
Sampling some mobile devices from on-duty medical staff and validate the mobile device information with the asset register: This option is relevant because it can provide evidence of how the mobile devices that are used by the medical staff, who are involved in processing and storing residents' data, are registered in the asset register and have physical protection enabled. This can verify the implementation and effectiveness of two of the controls that are stated in the mobile device policy.
Review the asset register to make sure all company's mobile devices are registered: This option is relevant because it can provide evidence of how the company's mobile devices that are within the ISMS scope are identified and accounted for. This can verify the implementation and effectiveness of one of the controls that are stated in the mobile device policy.
The other options for the audit trail are not relevant to verifying the mobile device policy and objectives, as they are not related to the policy or objectives or their implementation or effectiveness. For example:
Interview the reception personnel to make sure all visitor and employee bags are checked before entering the nursing home: This option is not relevant because it does not provide evidence of how the mobile device policy and objectives are implemented or effective. It may be related to another policy or objective regarding physical security or access control, but not specifically to mobile devices.
Review visitors' register book to make sure no visitor can have their personal mobile phone in the nursing home: This option is not relevant because it does not provide evidence of how the mobile device policy and objectives are implemented or effective. It may be related to another policy or objective regarding information security awareness or compliance, but not specifically to mobile devices.
Interview the supplier of the devices to make sure they are aware of the ISMS policy: This option is not relevant because it does not provide evidence of how the mobile device policy and objectives are implemented or effective. It may be related to another policy or objective regarding information security within supplier relationships, but not specifically to mobile devices.
Interview top management to verify their involvement in establishing the information security policy and the information security objectives: This option is not relevant because it does not provide evidence of how the mobile device policy and objectives are implemented or effective. It may be related to verifying that the information security policy and objectives have been established by top management, but not specifically to mobile devices.
質問 # 224
您是一位經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊負責人,負責對網路服務供應商進行第三方監督審核。您正在檢視組織的風險評估流程是否符合 ISO
/IEC 27001:2022。
以下哪三項審核結果會促使您提出不合格報告?
正解:A、F、H
解説:
The three audit findings that would prompt you to raise a nonconformity report are:
* The organisation is treating information security risks in the order in which they are identified
* The organisation's risk assessment criteria have not been reviewed and approved by top management
* The organisation's information security risk assessment process is based solely on an assessment of the impact of each risk According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.2, the organisation must establish and maintain an information security risk management process that is consistent with the organisation's context and aligned with its overall risk management approach1. This process must include the following steps:
* Establishing the risk assessment criteria, which must be approved by top management and reflect the organisation's risk appetite and objectives2
* Identifying the information security risks, which must consider the assets, threats, vulnerabilities, impacts, and likelihoods3
* Analysing the information security risks, which must determine the levels of risk and compare them with the risk criteria4
* Evaluating the information security risks, which must prioritise the risks and decide whether they need treatment or not5 Therefore, the audit findings B, E, and F indicate that the organisation is not following the required steps of the information security risk management process, and thus are nonconformities with the standard.
The other audit findings are not necessarily nonconformities, as they may be acceptable depending on the organisation's context and justification. For example:
* Audit finding A may be acceptable if the organisation has identified and treated the additional information security risks that are relevant to its scope and objectives, and has documented the rationale for doing so6
* Audit finding C may be acceptable if the organisation has assigned clear roles and responsibilities for the information security risk management process, and has ensured that the risk owners have the authority and competence to manage the risks7
* Audit finding D may be acceptable if the organisation has defined and communicated the meaning and implications of the emoji-based risk classification, and has ensured that it is consistent with the risk criteria and the risk treatment process8
* Audit finding G may be acceptable if the organisation has justified the use of discrete values for the probability of the information security risks, and has ensured that they are realistic and consistent with the risk criteria and the risk analysis method9
* Audit finding H may be acceptable if the organisation has established and maintained different systems for assessing operational and strategic information security risks, and has ensured that they are integrated and aligned with the overall risk management approach and the ISMS objectives10
質問 # 225
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