Certified Information Privacy Professional/Europe (CIPP/E) Exam Reference Materials are Helpful for You to Pass CIPP-E Exam - ExamsLabs

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IAPP CIPP-E Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Objectives
Topic 1: European Data Protection Law and Regulation	- GDPR Principles 1. Storage Limitation 2. Purpose Limitation 3. Integrity and Confidentiality 4. Data Minimization 5. Accuracy 6. Lawfulness, Fairness and Transparency - Legal Bases for Processing 1. Consent 2. Legal Obligation 3. Legitimate Interests 4. Contractual Necessity - Data Subject Rights 1. Right of Access 2. Right to Data Portability 3. Right to Rectification 4. Right to Erasure
Topic 2: Compliance with European Data Protection Law and Regulation	- Supervisory Authorities and Enforcement 1. Complaint Handling 2. Administrative Fines 3. Powers of Supervisory Authorities - Incident and Breach Management 1. Communication to Data Subjects 2. Incident Response Procedures 3. Personal Data Breach Notification
Topic 3: European Data Processing	- Cross-Border Data Transfers 1. Binding Corporate Rules 2. Standard Contractual Clauses 3. Adequacy Decisions - Controller and Processor Obligations 1. Processor Agreements 2. Records of Processing Activities 3. Joint Controllers
Topic 4: European Data Protection Scope and Accountability	- Territorial and Material Scope 1. Establishment Criterion 2. Targeting Criterion - Accountability Requirements 1. Data Protection Impact Assessments 2. Data Protection Officer 3. Privacy by Design and by Default
Topic 5: Introduction to European Data Protection	- Origins and Historical Context of Data Protection Law 1. European Convention on Human Rights 2. Convention 108 3. EU Institutions and Legislative Framework - Key Privacy Terminology 1. Personal Data 2. Sensitive Data 3. Controller and Processor

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IAPP Certified Information Privacy Professional/Europe (CIPP/E) Sample Questions (Q16-Q21):

NEW QUESTION # 16
When collecting personal data in a European Union (EU) member state, what must a company do if it collects personal data from a source other than the data subjects themselves?

A. Update the data within a reasonable timeframe
B. Provide a public notice regarding the data
C. Upgrade security to match that of the source
D. Inform the subjects about the collection

Answer: D

Explanation:
According to Article 14 of the GDPR, when a controller collects personal data from a source other than the data subject, the controller must provide the data subject with certain information, such as the identity and contact details of the controller, the purposes and legal basis of the processing, the categories of personal data concerned, the recipients or categories of recipients of the personal data, and the rights of the data subject. This information must be provided within a reasonable period after obtaining the personal data, but at the latest within one month, or at the time of the first communication with the data subject, or before disclosing the data to another recipient. The purpose of this provision is to ensure fair and transparent processing of personal data and to respect the right of the data subject to be informed. Reference:
Article 14 of the GDPR, which specifies the information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject.
ICO guidance, which explains the requirements and exceptions of Article 14 of the GDPR.
EDPB guidelines, which provide further guidance on the application of Article 14 of the GDPR.

NEW QUESTION # 17
Article 5(1)(b) of the GDPR states that personal data must be "collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not further processed in a way incompatible with those purposes." Based on Article 5(1)(b), what is the impact of a member state's interpretation of the word "incompatible"?

A. It sets the standard for the level of detail a controller must record when documenting the purpose for collecting personal data.
B. It guides the courts on the severity of the consequences for those who are convicted of the intentional misuse of personal data.
C. It indicates the degree of flexibility a controller has in using personal data in ways that may vary from its original intended purpose.
D. It dictates the level of security a processor must follow when using and storing personal data for two different purposes.

Answer: C

Explanation:
The purpose limitation principle requires that personal data be collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not be further processed in a manner that is incompatible with those purposes. However, the GDPR does not provide a clear definition of what constitutes an incompatible purpose. Instead, it leaves room for interpretation by the member states, taking into account the context and circumstances of the processing.
This means that the degree of flexibility a controller has in using personal data for a new purpose may vary depending on the member state's law and guidance. Some factors that may affect the compatibility assessment include the link between the original and the new purpose, the expectations of the data subject, the nature of the data, the impact of the further processing, and the safeguards applied by the controller. References:
* GDPR Article 5(1)(b), which states the purpose limitation principle.
* GDPR Article 6(4), which lists the criteria for assessing the compatibility of a new purpose.
* ICO guidance, which explains the purpose limitation principle and provides examples of compatible and incompatible purposes.
* [EDPB guidelines], which provide further guidance on the application of the purpose limitation principle.

NEW QUESTION # 18
What are the obligations of a processor that engages a sub-processor?

A. The processor must obtain the consent of the controller and ensure the sub-processor complies with data processing obligations that are equivalent to those that apply to the processor.
B. The processor must give the controller prior written notice and perform a preliminary audit of the sub- processor.
C. The processor must obtain the controller's specific written authorization and provide annual reports on the sub-processor's performance.
D. The processor must receive a written agreement that the sub-processor will be fully liable to the controller for the performance of its obligations in relation to the personal data concerned.

Answer: A

Explanation:
According to Article 28(2) of the GDPR, the processor may not engage another processor (sub-processor) without the prior specific or general written authorization of the controller. In the case of general written authorization, the processor must inform the controller of any intended changes concerning the addition or replacement of other processors, thereby giving the controller the opportunity to object to such changes. Furthermore, Article 28(4) of the GDPR states that where a processor engages another processor for carrying out specific processing activities on behalf of the controller, the same data protection obligations as set out in the contract or other legal act between the controller and the processor shall be imposed on that other processor by way of a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, in particular providing sufficient guarantees to implement appropriate technical and organizational measures in such a manner that the processing will meet the requirements of the GDPR. Therefore, the processor must ensure that the sub-processor complies with data processing obligations that are equivalent to those that apply to the processor. Reference:
Article 28 of the GDPR
European Data Protection Law & Practice textbook, Chapter 6: Data Processing Obligations, Section 6.3: Processor Obligations, Subsection 6.3.2: Sub-processors

NEW QUESTION # 19
Tanya is the Data Protection Officer for Curtains Inc., a GDPR data controller. She has recommended that the company encrypt all personal data at rest. Which GDPR principle is she following?

A. Integrity and confidentiality
B. Lawfulness, fairness and transparency
C. Storage Limitation
D. Accuracy

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 20
Why is advisable to avoid consent as a legal basis for an employer to process employee data?

A. An employer might have difficulty obtaining consent from every employee.
B. Employee data can only be processed if there is an approval from the data protection officer.
C. Data protection laws do not apply to processing of employee data.
D. Consent may not be valid if the employee feels compelled to provide it.

Answer: D

Explanation:
According to the GDPR, consent must be freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous1. However, in the context of employment, there is often an imbalance of power between the employer and the employee, which may affect the validity of consent. The employee may feel pressured or coerced to give consent, or may not be able to withdraw it without negative consequences. Therefore, consent is not a reliable or appropriate legal basis for processing employee data in most cases23. The employer should consider other lawful bases, such as contractual necessity, legal obligation, legitimate interests or specific conditions for special category data45. References: 1 Art. 4 (11) GDPR - Definitions - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)2 Can my employer require me to give my consent to use my personal data? | European Commission. 3 When is consent appropriate? | ICO. 4 Art. 6 (1) GDPR - Lawfulness of processing - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)5 Art. 9 (2) GDPR - Processing of special categories of personal data - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

NEW QUESTION # 21
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