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Microsoft GH-500 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Describe the GHAS security features and functionality: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Engineers and Software Developers and covers understanding the role of GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features within the overall security ecosystem. Candidates learn to differentiate security features available automatically for open source projects versus those unlocked when GHAS is paired with GitHub Enterprise Cloud (GHEC) or GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES). The domain includes knowledge of Security Overview dashboards, the distinctions between secret scanning and code scanning, and how secret scanning, code scanning, and Dependabot work together to secure the software development lifecycle. It also covers scenarios contrasting isolated security reviews with integrated security throughout the development lifecycle, how vulnerable dependencies are detected using manifests and vulnerability databases, appropriate responses to alerts, the risks of ignoring alerts, developer responsibilities for alerts, access management for viewing alerts, and the placement of Dependabot alerts in the development process.
Topic 2
  • Configure and use Dependabot and Dependency Review: Focused on Software Engineers and Vulnerability Management Specialists, this section describes tools for managing vulnerabilities in dependencies. Candidates learn about the dependency graph and how it is generated, the concept and format of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), definitions of dependency vulnerabilities, Dependabot alerts and security updates, and Dependency Review functionality. It covers how alerts are generated based on the dependency graph and GitHub Advisory Database, differences between Dependabot and Dependency Review, enabling and configuring these tools in private repositories and organizations, default alert settings, required permissions, creating Dependabot configuration files and rules to auto-dismiss alerts, setting up Dependency Review workflows including license checks and severity thresholds, configuring notifications, identifying vulnerabilities from alerts and pull requests, enabling security updates, and taking remediation actions including testing and merging pull requests.
Topic 3
  • Configure and use Code Scanning with CodeQL: This domain measures skills of Application Security Analysts and DevSecOps Engineers in code scanning using both CodeQL and third-party tools. It covers enabling code scanning, the role of code scanning in the development lifecycle, differences between enabling CodeQL versus third-party analysis, implementing CodeQL in GitHub Actions workflows versus other CI tools, uploading SARIF results, configuring workflow frequency and triggering events, editing workflow templates for active repositories, viewing CodeQL scan results, troubleshooting workflow failures and customizing configurations, analyzing data flows through code, interpreting code scanning alerts with linked documentation, deciding when to dismiss alerts, understanding CodeQL limitations related to compilation and language support, and defining SARIF categories.
Topic 4
  • Describe GitHub Advanced Security best practices, results, and how to take corrective measures: This section evaluates skills of Security Managers and Development Team Leads in effectively handling GHAS results and applying best practices. It includes using Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers to describe alerts and suggest remediation, decision-making processes for closing or dismissing alerts including documentation and data-based decisions, understanding default CodeQL query suites, how CodeQL analyzes compiled versus interpreted languages, the roles and responsibilities of development and security teams in workflows, adjusting severity thresholds for code scanning pull request status checks, prioritizing secret scanning remediation with filters, enforcing CodeQL and Dependency Review workflows via repository rulesets, and configuring code scanning, secret scanning, and dependency analysis to detect and remediate vulnerabilities earlier in the development lifecycle, such as during pull requests or by enabling push protection.
Topic 5
  • Configure and use secret scanning: This domain targets DevOps Engineers and Security Analysts with the skills to configure and manage secret scanning. It includes understanding what secret scanning is and its push protection capability to prevent secret leaks. Candidates differentiate secret scanning availability in public versus private repositories, enable scanning in private repos, and learn how to respond appropriately to alerts. The domain covers alert generation criteria for secrets, user role-based alert visibility and notification, customizing default scanning behavior, assigning alert recipients beyond admins, excluding files from scans, and enabling custom secret scanning within repositories.

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Microsoft GitHub Advanced Security Sample Questions (Q69-Q74):

NEW QUESTION # 69
Which of the following options would close a Dependabot alert?

Answer: A

Explanation:
To close a Dependabot alert, the primary method is to address the underlying vulnerability. This usually involves merging a pull request that Dependabot creates to update the vulnerable dependency or manually fixing the issue and pushing the updated code. Once the vulnerability is resolved, the alert will be automatically closed. Alternatively, you can manually close alerts in the
"Security" tab of your repository.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
1. Addressing the Vulnerability:
*-> Merge Dependabot Pull Requests:
If Dependabot has identified a vulnerability and created a pull request to fix it, review and merge the pull request. This will automatically update the dependency and close the alert.
* Manual Fix:
If you prefer to fix the vulnerability yourself, make the necessary code changes to update the dependency. Once the changes are pushed and merged, Dependabot will recognize the fix and close the alert.
2. Manually Closing Alerts (if needed)


NEW QUESTION # 70
After defining a secret scanning custom pattern, what is the final step before publishing the pattern?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Defining a custom pattern for a repository [See step 6 below]
Before defining a custom pattern, you must ensure that Secret Protection is enabled on your repository.
1. On GitHub, navigate to the main page of the repository.
2. Under your repository name, click Settings. If you cannot see the "Settings" tab, select the dropdown menu, then click Settings.
3. In the "Security" section of the sidebar, click Advanced Security.
4. Under "Secret Protection", to the right of "Custom patterns", click New pattern.
5. Enter the details for your new custom pattern. You must at least provide the name for your pattern, and a regular expression for the format of your secret pattern.
*-> 6. When you're ready to test your new custom pattern, to identify matches in the repository without creating alerts, click Save and dry run.
7. When the dry run finishes, you'll see a sample of results (up to 1000). Review the results and identify any false positive results.

8. Edit the new custom pattern to fix any problems with the results, then, to test your changes, click Save and dry run.
9. When you're satisfied with your new custom pattern, click Publish pattern.
10. Optionally, to enable push protection for your custom pattern, click Enable.


NEW QUESTION # 71
When does Dependabot alert you of a vulnerability in your software development process?

Answer: D

Explanation:
Dependabot alerts are generated as soon as GitHub detects a known vulnerability in one of your dependencies. GitHub does this by analyzing your repository's dependency graph and matching it against vulnerabilities listed in the GitHub Advisory Database. Once a match is found, the system raises an alert automatically without waiting for a PR or manual action.
This allows organizations to proactively mitigate vulnerabilities as early as possible, based on real-time detection.
: GitHub Docs - About Dependabot alerts; Managing alerts in GitHub Dependabot


NEW QUESTION # 72
A secret scanning alert should be closed as "used in tests" when a secret is:

Answer: C

Explanation:
If a secret is intentionally used in a test environment and poses no real-world security risk, you may close the alert with the reason"used in tests". This helps reduce noise and clarify that the alert was reviewed and accepted as non-critical.
Just being in a test file isn't enough unless itspurpose is purely for testing.
If a secret is intentionally used in a test environment and poses no real-world security risk, you may close the alert with the reason"used in tests". This helps reduce noise and clarify that the alert was reviewed and accepted as non-critical.
Just being in a test file isn't enough unless itspurpose is purely for testing.


NEW QUESTION # 73
What is a prerequisite to define a custom pattern for a repository?

Answer: A

Explanation:
You must enable secret scanning before defining custom patterns. Secret scanning provides the foundational capability for detecting exposed credentials, and custom patterns build upon that by allowing organizations to specify their own regex-based patterns for secrets unique to their environment.
Without enabling secret scanning, GitHub will not process or apply custom patterns.
: GitHub Docs - Custom patterns in secret scanning


NEW QUESTION # 74
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