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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Fundamentals of Testing20%- Test Process
  • 1. Traceability between the test basis and test items
  • 2. Testing as a process
  • 3. Test activities and tasks
  • 4. Test work products
- Why is Testing Necessary?
  • 1. Quality assurance and testing
  • 2. Defects, root causes, and consequences
  • 3. Errors, defects, and failures
  • 4. Testing's contribution to success
- What is Testing?
  • 1. Typical testing objectives
  • 2. Testing and debugging
- The Psychology of Testing
  • 1. Cognitive biases
  • 2. Human psychology and testing
  • 3. Tester mindset and developer's mindset
Topic 2: Test Analysis and Design20%- Test Techniques
  • 1. Decision table testing
  • 2. State transition testing
  • 3. Boundary value analysis
  • 4. Path testing
  • 5. Statement testing and decision testing
  • 6. Equivalence partitioning
- Experience-Based Test Techniques
  • 1. Exploratory testing
  • 2. Checklist-based testing
  • 3. Error guessing
- Characteristics of Good Tests
  • 1. Coverage and efficiency
  • 2. Test case design principles
Topic 3: Tool Support for Testing0%- Tools Support
  • 1. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools
  • 2. Test design and test implementation tools
  • 3. Test planning and control tools
  • 4. Test harness and unit test framework tools
  • 5. Test execution tools
- Benefits and Risks of Test Automation
  • 1. Automated and manual testing trade-offs
  • 2. Tool selection and adoption
Topic 4: Managing the Test Activities25%- Risk-Based Testing
  • 1. Risk mitigation
  • 2. Risk identification
  • 3. Risk assessment
- Test Monitoring and Control
  • 1. Metrics used in test monitoring and control
  • 2. Test reporting
- Test Planning
  • 1. Test estimation techniques
  • 2. Entry criteria and exit criteria
  • 3. Purpose and content of a test plan
- Configuration Management
  • 1. Configuration management activities
- Defect Management
  • 1. Defect report fields
  • 2. Defect reporting tools
  • 3. Defect lifecycle
Topic 5: Static Testing15%- Static Testing Basics
  • 1. Value of static testing
  • 2. Static testing and the test process
- Review Process
  • 1. Roles and responsibilities in reviews
  • 2. Review types and their characteristics
  • 3. Success factors for reviews
  • 4. Review phases
Topic 6: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle20%- Maintenance Testing
  • 1. Types of maintenance testing
  • 2. Impact analysis
  • 3. Triggers for maintenance
- Test Types
  • 1. Confirmation testing and regression testing
  • 2. Functional testing
  • 3. Non-functional testing
  • 4. Black-box testing
- Software Development Lifecycle Models
  • 1. Iterative and incremental development models
  • 2. Sequential development models
  • 3. Agile and DevOps approaches
- Test Levels
  • 1. Component testing
  • 2. Integration testing
  • 3. Acceptance testing
  • 4. System testing

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q125-Q130):

NEW QUESTION # 125
Consider an estimation session where a six-member Agile team (Memb1, ... , Memb6) is performing a planning poker session to estimate a user story (in story points). Team members are using a set of cards with the following values: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21. Below is the outcome produced by the first round of estimation for this session:

Which of the following answers best describes how the estimation session should proceed?

Answer: C

Explanation:
In Agile estimation sessions, particularly during Planning Poker, the goal is to reach a consensus on the effort required for a user story. The process encourages discussion and collaboration among team members to understand the story's requirements and complexities fully. Here's a breakdown of the options and why D is the correct choice:
Option A:Calculating the arithmetic mean of all estimates.
* This method is straightforward but does not facilitate team discussion or consensus-building. It merely averages out the estimates without addressing the reasons behind the varying estimates. Thus, important insights and understanding of the task complexity might be missed.
Option B:Selecting the most frequent estimate value.
* While this approach acknowledges the majority's opinion, it ignores the minority views, which might highlight significant aspects of the story that need consideration. It doesn't ensure that all perspectives are considered and discussed.
Option C:Calculating the mean of the most optimistic and pessimistic estimates.
* This approach considers the extremes but again lacks the team discussion and consensus aspect. It also assumes that the extreme values alone can balance out the estimate, which might not always capture the true complexity or simplicity of the task.
Option D:Discussing the most pessimistic and optimistic estimates.
* This approach fosters team collaboration and understanding. Memb4 and Memb6 explain their reasoning for the highest and lowest estimates, respectively, which can reveal different perspectives on the task's complexity. This discussion helps the team align their understanding and often leads to a more accurate and agreed-upon estimate in subsequent rounds.
In conclusion, the main goal of Agile estimation techniques like Planning Poker is to encourage team communication and collaboration to ensure that all aspects of the user story are considered. Option D best aligns with this goal by promoting discussion and consensus.


NEW QUESTION # 126
A virtual service emulating a real third-party service and the automated test scripts (aimed at testing the system under test) that interact with that service, are test work products that are typically created during:

Answer: D

Explanation:
Explanation
This answer is correct because test implementation is the activity where test work products, such as test cases, test data, test scripts, test harnesses, test stubs, or virtual services, are created and verified. Test implementation also involves setting up the test environment and preparing the test execution schedule. A virtual service emulating a real third-party service and the automated test scripts that interact with that service are examples of test work products that are typically created during test implementation. References: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.2.2.3


NEW QUESTION # 127
Which of the following statements about exploratory testing is true?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique in which testers dynamically design and execute tests based on their knowledge, intuition, and learning of the software system, without following predefined test scripts or test cases. Exploratory testing can be conducted following a session-based approach, which is a structured way of managing and measuring exploratory testing. In a session-based approach, the testers perform uninterrupted test sessions, usually lasting between 60 and 120 minutes, with a specific charter or goal, and document the issues detected, the test coverage achieved, and the time spent in session sheets. Session sheets are records of the test activities, results, and observations during a test session, which can be used for reporting, debriefing, and learning purposes.


NEW QUESTION # 128
A company runs a pilot project for evaluation of a test automation tool. Which of the following is NOT a valid object of this pilot project?

Answer: A

Explanation:
* A pilot project is a small-scale experiment or trial that is conducted to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and suitability of a test automation tool before implementing it on a larger scale1.
* The objectives of a pilot project may vary depending on the context and scope of the test automation initiative, but some common ones are2:
* To get familiar with the functionality and options of the tool
* To check how the tool fits to the existing test processes and environment
* To assess the benefits and challenges of using the tool
* To decide upon standards and guidelines for tool implementation and usage
* To estimate the costs and resources required for tool deployment and maintenance
* Therefore, option C is not a valid objective of a pilot project, as it is not necessary to train all testers on using the tool at this stage. Training all testers on using the tool would be more appropriate after the tool has been selected and approved for full-scale implementation, and after the standards and guidelines have been established. Training all testers on using the tool during the pilot project would be inefficient, costly, and premature, as the tool may not be suitable or effective for the intended purpose, or may be replaced by another tool later.
References:
1: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 82
2: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 83
3: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 84
4: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 85


NEW QUESTION # 129
Consider the following examples of risks identified in different software development projects:
[I]. The contrast color ratio for both normal text and large text of a website does not comply with the applicable accessibility guidelines, making it difficult for many users to read the content on the pages
[II]. A development vendor fails to deliver their software system on time, causing significant delays to system integration testing activities that have been planned as part of a development project for a system of systems
[III]. People in the test team do not have sufficient skills to automate tests at the test levels required by the test automation strategy which does not allow production of an effective regression test suite
[IV]. In a web application, data from untrusted sources is not subject to proper input validation, making the application vulnerable to several security attacks Which of the following statements is true?

Answer: C

Explanation:
This answer is correct because product risks are risks that affect the quality of the software product, such as defects, failures, or non-compliance with requirements or standards. Project risks are risks that affect the project's schedule, budget, resources, or scope, such as delays, cost overruns, skill gaps, or scope changes. In this case, [I] and [IV] are product risks, as they relate to the accessibility and security of the software product, which are quality attributes. [II] and [III] are project risks, as they relate to the delivery time and the test automation skills of the test team, which are project factors. Reference: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.1.1.1


NEW QUESTION # 130
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