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質問 # 126
There are 15 practices that are NOT MET for an OSC's Level 2 Assessment. All practices are applicable to the OSC. Which determination should be reached?
正解:D
解説:
In the context of the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0, achieving Level 2 compliance requires an Organization Seeking Certification (OSC) to implement all 110 security practices outlined in NIST SP 800-171 Revision 2. The CMMC framework allows for a limited use of Plans of Action and Milestones (POA&Ms) to address certain deficiencies; however, this is contingent upon meeting specific criteria.
According to the final CMMC rule, to obtain a Conditional Level 2 status, an OSC must achieve a minimum score of 88 out of 110 points during the assessment. This scoring system assigns weighted values to each of the 110 security requirements, with some controls deemed critical and others non-critical. The POA&M mechanism permits OSCs to temporarily address non-critical deficiencies, provided the minimum score threshold is met. Critical controls, however, must be fully implemented at the time of assessment; they cannot be deferred and included in a POA&M.
MWE
In the scenario where 15 practices are NOT MET, the OSC's score would fall below the required 88-point threshold, rendering the organization ineligible for Conditional Level 2 status. Consequently, the OSC would not have the option to remediate these deficiencies through a POA&M. Instead, the organization must fully implement and rectify all NOT MET practices before undergoing a subsequent assessment to achieve the necessary compliance level.
This policy ensures that organizations handling Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) have adequately addressed all critical and non-critical security requirements, thereby maintaining the integrity and security of sensitive information within the Defense Industrial Base.
For detailed guidance on assessment criteria and the use of POA&Ms, refer to the CMMC Assessment Guide
- Level 2 and the official CMMC documentation provided by the Department of Defense.
質問 # 127
In the CMMC Model, how many practices are included in Level 1?
正解:D
解説:
CMMC (Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification) 2.0 Level 1 is designed to protectFederal Contract Information (FCI)and consists of17 foundational cybersecurity practices. These practices are directly derived fromFAR 52.204-21(Basic Safeguarding of Covered Contractor Information Systems), which outlines minimum security requirements for contractors handling FCI.
Breakdown of CMMC Level 1 PracticesThe17 practicesin Level 1 focus on basic cybersecurity hygiene and fall under the following6 domains:
* Access Control (AC)- 4 practices
* AC.L1-3.1.1: Limit system access to authorized users
* AC.L1-3.1.2: Limit user access to authorized transactions and functions
* AC.L1-3.1.20: Verify and control connections to external systems
* AC.L1-3.1.22: Control information posted or processed on publicly accessible systems
* Identification and Authentication (IA)- 2 practices
* IA.L1-3.5.1: Identify and authenticate system users
* IA.L1-3.5.2: Use multifactor authentication for local and network access
* Media Protection (MP)- 1 practice
* MP.L1-3.8.3: Sanitize media before disposal or reuse
* Physical Protection (PE)- 4 practices
* PE.L1-3.10.1: Limit physical access to systems containing FCI
* PE.L1-3.10.3: Escort visitors and monitor visitor activity
* PE.L1-3.10.4: Maintain audit logs of physical access
* PE.L1-3.10.5: Control and manage physical access devices
* System and Communications Protection (SC)- 2 practices
* SC.L1-3.13.1: Monitor and control communications at system boundaries
* SC.L1-3.13.5: Implement subnetworks for publicly accessible system components
* System and Information Integrity (SI)- 4 practices
* SI.L1-3.14.1: Identify, report, and correct system flaws in a timely manner
* SI.L1-3.14.2: Provide protection from malicious code at designated locations
* SI.L1-3.14.4: Update malicious code protection mechanisms periodically
* SI.L1-3.14.5: Perform scans of system components and real-time file scans Official Reference from CMMC 2.0 DocumentationThe 17 practices forCMMC Level 1are explicitly listed in theCMMC 2.0 Appendices and Assessment Guide for Level 1, as well as in theFAR 52.204-21 requirements.
These practices representbasic safeguarding measuresthat all DoD contractors handlingFCImust implement.
#CMMC 2.0 Level 1 Summary:
* Focus:Basic safeguarding of FCI
* Total Practices:17
* Derived From:FAR 52.204-21
* Assessment Type:Self-assessment (annual)
Final Verification and ConclusionThe correct answer isB. 17 practicesas verified from theCMMC 2.0 official documentsandFAR 52.204-21 requirements.
質問 # 128
What is the LAST step when developing an assessment plan for an OSC?
正解:C
解説:
Last Step in Developing an Assessment Plan for an OSC
Developing anassessment planinvolves:
Defining the assessment scope(e.g., systems, networks, locations).
Planning test activities(e.g., interviews, evidence review, technical testing).
Verifying the OSC's readiness(e.g., ensuring required documents are available).
Updating the assessment plan and schedule as needed.
Final Step: Obtaining and recording the OSC's commitment to the assessment plan.
Why is obtaining commitment the last step?
#Theassessment cannot proceed unless the OSC agrees to the finalized plan.
#This ensuresOSC leadership understands the scope, timeline, and responsibilities.
#TheC3PAO must document this commitmentto formalize the agreement.
Why is the Correct Answer "D. Obtain and record commitment to the assessment plan"?
A). Verify the readiness to conduct the assessment # Incorrect
Readiness verification happens earlierin the planning process, not as the last step.
B). Perform certification assessment readiness review # Incorrect
Areadiness review is conducted before finalizing the plan, not at the very end.
C). Update the assessment plan and schedule as needed # Incorrect
Updating the plan happens before commitment is obtained; it is not the final step.
D). Obtain and record commitment to the assessment plan # Correct
This is the final step before conducting the assessment. The OSC must formally agree to the plan.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document
States that theOSC must confirm agreement to the assessment plan before execution.
CMMC-AB Guidelines for C3PAOs
Specifies thatfinalizing the assessment plan requires documented commitment from the OSC.
CMMC Assessment Guide
Outlines thatassessments cannot begin without formal approval of the plan.
Final Answer:
#D. Obtain and record commitment to the assessment plan.
質問 # 129
Which term describes "the protective measures that are commensurate with the consequences and probability of loss, misuse, or unauthorized access to. or modification of information"?
正解:C
解説:
Understanding the Concept of Security in CMMC 2.0
CMMC 2.0 aligns with federal cybersecurity standards, particularlyFISMA (Federal Information Security Modernization Act), NIST SP 800-171, and FAR 52.204-21. One key principle in these frameworks is the implementation of security measures that are appropriate for the risk level associated with the data being protected.
The question describes security measures that are proportionate to therisk of loss, misuse, unauthorized access, or modificationof information. This matches the definition of"Adequate Security." Analyzing the Given Options A). Adopted security# Incorrect The term"adopted security"is not officially recognized in CMMC, NIST, or FISMA. Organizations adopt security policies, but the concept does not directly align with the question's definition.
B). Adaptive security# Incorrect
Adaptive securityrefers to adynamic cybersecurity modelwhere security measures continuously evolve based on real-time threats. While important, it does not directly match the definition in the question.
C). Adequate security#Correct
The term"adequate security"is defined inNIST SP 800-171, DFARS 252.204-7012, and FISMAas the level of protection that isproportional to the consequences and likelihood of a security incident.
This aligns perfectly with the definition in the question.
D). Advanced security# Incorrect
Advanced securitytypically refers tohighly sophisticated cybersecurity mechanisms, such as AI-driven threat detection. However, the term does not explicitly relate to the concept of risk-based proportional security.
Official References Supporting the Correct Answer
FISMA (44 U.S.C. § 3552(b)(3))
Definesadequate securityas"protective measures commensurate with the risk and potential impact of unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of information." This directly matches the question's wording.
DFARS 252.204-7012 (Safeguarding Covered Defense Information and Cyber Incident Reporting) Mandates that contractors apply"adequate security"to protect Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).
NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2, Requirement 3.1.1
States that organizations must "limit system access to authorized users and implement adequate security protections to prevent unauthorized disclosure." CMMC 2.0 Documentation (Level 1 and Level 2 Requirements) Requires that organizationsapply adequate security measures in accordance with NIST SP 800-171to meet compliance standards.
Conclusion
The term"adequate security"is the correct answer because it is explicitly defined in federal cybersecurity frameworks asprotection proportional to risk and potential consequences. Thus, the verified answer is:
質問 # 130
An OSC needs to be assessed on RA.L2-3.11.1: Periodically assess the risk to organizational operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), organizational assets, and individuals, resulting from the operation of organizational systems and the associated processing, storage, or transmission of CUI. What is in scope for a Level 2 assessment of RA.L2-3.11.1?
正解:B
質問 # 131
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