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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Demand management and value for money | - Balancing cost, quality, and risk - Demand analysis and forecasting - Whole life costing and total cost of ownership |
| Understanding and defining business needs | - Role of procurement in identifying and defining needs - Alignment of procurement with organisational objectives |
| Risk, sustainability, and compliance considerations | - Legal and regulatory constraints affecting specifications - Managing procurement and supply risks - Sustainability and ethical sourcing requirements |
| Specification development | - Stakeholder engagement in requirements definition - Key performance indicators and measurable requirements - Types of specifications (input, output, conformance) |
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NEW QUESTION # 309
Which of the following sources of information are considered as primary data? Select TWO that apply.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
The aim of this question is to check students' understanding of different types of data. There are 2 types of data:
- Primary data is the collection of original or raw data which are generated from field research. In this case, only RFI and surveys from customers are considered as primary data.
- On the other hand, secondary data is public information that has been collected by others. It is typically free or inexpensive to obtain and can act as a strong foundation to any research project - provided you know where to find it and how to judge its worth and relevance. Examples of secondary data are government statistics, industry associations, trade publications, published market reports, etc.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 22-24
LO 1, AC 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 310
A purchaser is looking for alternative supplies if there is a major disruption to their supply chain, including logistics, manufacturing and all support services. Which of the following method is that purchaser applying?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Risk control is the process by which an organization reduces the likelihood of a risk event occurring or mitigates the effects that risk should it occur. CIPS preferred way to determine your risk control strategy is to use the four T's Process:
Transferring Risk can be achieved through the use of various forms of insurance, or the payment to third parties who are prepared to take the risk on behalf of the organization Tolerating Risk is where no action is taken to mitigate or reduce a risk. This may be because the cost of instituting risk reduction or mitigation activity is not cost-effective or the risks of impact are at so low that they are deemed acceptable to the business. Even when these risks are tolerated they should be monitored because future changes may make it no longer tolerable.
Treating Risk is a method of controlling risk through actions that reduce the likelihood of the risk occurring or minimize its impact prior to its occurrence. Also, there are contingent measures that can be developed to reduce the impact of an event once it has occurred. Finding an alternative sup-plier is an example of treating the risk.
Terminating Risk is the simplest and most often ignored method of dealing with risk. It is the ap-proach that should be most favored where possible and simply involves risk elimination. This can be done by altering an inherently risky process or practice to remove the risk. The same can be used when reviewing practices and processes in all areas of the business.
If an item presents a risk and can be changed or removed without it materially affecting the busi-ness, then removing the risk should be the first option considered; rather than attempting the treat, tolerate or transfer it.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 144
LO 3, AC 3.3
NEW QUESTION # 311
What is a form of testing used to establish if a supplier is meeting the requirements of a specification?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:Acceptance testing verifies that the supplied product meets the buyer's specification before it is formally accepted. This type of testing typically occurs during delivery or installation phases.
Reference: CIPS Level 4, Quality Assurance in Procurement.
NEW QUESTION # 312
Dana is an automobile manufacturer. It has a new electrification strategy that aims at making eco-friendly electric pick-up trucks. To implement this strategy, the procurement department must source new categories of parts that make motors, sensors, solenoids and stators. He starts to analyse the market by identifying specific supply market segments for those parts and finding suppliers who have the best capabilities in those segment. He intends to segment the market based on specific features of the products. Which variable is used by Dana procurement manager to shape and manage supply market?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In sales and marketing, market segmentation is the process of trying to understand clusters of cus-tomers in terms of their buying behavior and their buying characteristics. There are some traditional segmentation approaches: geography, demography, types of industry and the benefits. Then there are newer segmentation approaches: behavioral, situational, and psychographic.
Procurement professionals can learn market segmentation from sales and marketing. Segmenting the market can help them to shape and manage the supply market effectively. According to Michael Porter, a market can be segment with array of products and buyers.
Text Description automatically generated
Source: Porter, Michael E.. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (p. 234).
Free Press. Kindle Edition.
In the scenario, the products that Dana needs to source is distinct in their features. The best way is to segment the market by product varieties.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 65
LO 2, AC 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 313
A procurement manager is discussing with other stakeholders about the scope and the implementation of the upcoming construction project. A stakeholder argues that the construction projects are often risky as the overall scope of the work can't be accurately estimated from the beginning. Furthermore, the project spans over a long period, the costs of materials can fluctuate widely. The procurement manager suggests that the pricing structure should be able to cover the supplier's costs plus 10% markup on total costs. This arrangement is known as...?
Answer: B
Explanation:
As you can see from the scenario, the procurement manager is suggesting to use cost plus pricing arrangement.
A cost-plus contract is an agreement to reimburse a company for expenses incurred plus a specific amount of profit, usually stated as a percentage of the contract's full price. These type of contracts are primarily used in construction where the buyer assumes some of the risk but also provides a degree of flexibility to the contractor.
Cost-plus contracts can be separated into four categories. They each allow for the reimbursement of costs as well as an additional amount for profit:
1. Cost-plus award fee contracts allow the contractor to be awarded a fee usually for good per-formance.
2. Cost-plus fixed-fee contracts cover both direct and indirect costs, in addition to a fixed fee.
3. Cost-plus incentive fee contracts happen when the contractor is given a fee if his or her perfor-mance meets or exceeds expectations.
4. Cost-plus percent-of-cost contracts allow the amount of reimbursement to rise if the contrac-tor's costs rise.
In the scenario, the procurement manager suggests a pricing structure that covers supplier's costs and adds
10% markup. This is cost-plus fixed-percentage.
NEW QUESTION # 314
......
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