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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Deployment and FortiLink Integration | 25% | - Multi-tenancy and centralized management - Provisioning and deployment topologies - High availability and redundancy - FortiLink architecture and integration with FortiGate |
| FortiSwitch Concepts and Fundamentals | 20% | - STP, link aggregation, and stacking - QoS, LLDP-MED, and PoE management - Switching fundamentals and architecture - Port configuration, VLANs, and interfaces - FortiSwitch product overview and deployment modes |
| Layer 2 Control and Security | 25% | - Security profiles and access control - VLAN security and segmentation - ACL, antispoofing, and filtering - Port security and MAC address control |
| Monitoring, Maintenance and Troubleshooting | 30% | - System monitoring, logs and alerts - Firmware management, backup and restore - FortiLink and connectivity troubleshooting - Diagnostic tools and packet capture |
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NEW QUESTION # 79
Exhibit.
Two routes are not installed in the forwarding information base (FIB) as shown in the exnibit. Which two statements about these two route entries are true? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
From the exhibit and the details given about the routes not installed in the FIB:
* These two routes have a higher administrative distance value available to the destination networks (Option A): Administrative distance is a measure used by routers to select the best path when there are two or more different routes to the same destination from two different routing protocols. A higher administrative distance means that the route is considered less trustworthy, thus not selected for the FIB unless the more preferred routes fail.
* These two routes will become primary, if the best routes are removed (Option B): In routing, if the currently installed routes (which are considered the best due to reasons like lower administrative distance) are removed or become unavailable, the next best routes based on administrative distance will be used. This behavior ensures redundancy and maintains network connectivity in diverse scenarios.
References:
This approach is aligned with standard routing protocol behavior as documented in networking protocols and Fortinet's routing mechanisms which prioritize routes based on administrative distance and other metrics to maintain efficient and reliable network routing.
NEW QUESTION # 80
Which statement best describes a benefit of using MAC, IP address, or protocol-based VLAN assignments on FortiSwitch? (Choose one answer)
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to theFortiSwitchOS 7.6 Administration Guideand theFortiSwitch 7.6 Study Guide, MAC- based, IP-based, and protocol-based VLAN assignments are methods ofdynamic VLAN assignment. These features allow the switch to categorize incoming traffic and assign it to a specific VLAN based on the packet's attributes rather than just the physical port it is connected to.3 The primary benefit of these methods is that theyoffer dynamic segmentation benefits similar to 802.1X authentication (Option D). In a modern network, devices with different security requirements (such as IoT devices, printers, and workstations) often connect to the same physical switch ports. 802.1X is the "gold standard" for dynamic segmentation but requires a supplicant on the client device.4For devices that do not support 802.1X, MAC or protocol-based assignments provide a similar result: they ensure the device is automatically placed into its designated secure segment (VLAN) the moment it is identified by the switch.
* MAC-based:Assigns a VLAN based on the source MAC address.
* IP-based:Assigns a VLAN based on the source IP address or subnet.
* Protocol-based:Assigns a VLAN based on the Ethernet type (e.g., IPv4, IPv6, or AppleTalk).
Option A is incorrect because these features complement rather than "disable" 802.1X. Option B is incorrect because these specific assignment types can be configured locally on the switch without a RADIUS server.
Option C is the opposite of how these features work, as they explicitly look at the device type or traffic to make an assignment.
NEW QUESTION # 81
(Full question statement start from here)
You enable Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) snooping on a VLAN and configure a FortiSwitch port astrustedfor DHCP snooping. What additional step is required to configure the port as trusted for Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI)? (Choose one answer)
Answer: A
Explanation:
In FortiSwitchOS 7.6,Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI)is tightly integrated withDHCP snoopingto provide Layer 2 protection against ARP spoofing and man-in-the-middle attacks. DAI relies on theDHCP snooping binding table, which contains trusted IP-to-MAC-to-port mappings learned from legitimate DHCP transactions. Because of this dependency, the trust model for DAI is directly inherited from DHCP snooping.
According to the FortiSwitchOS 7.6 Administrator Guide, when a switch port is configured astrusted for DHCP snooping, that same port isautomatically treated as trusted by DAI. No additional configuration is required. This implicit trust relationship exists because trusted DHCP snooping ports are assumed to be connected to legitimate infrastructure devices such as DHCP servers, routers, or upstream network devices that must be allowed to send valid ARP replies.
On untrusted ports, DAI inspects ARP packets and validates them against the DHCP snooping database. If an ARP packet does not match an existing binding, it is dropped. On trusted ports, ARP packets bypass DAI inspection to ensure normal network operation and to avoid blocking valid infrastructure traffic.
The other options are incorrect. There is no separate CLI command required to trust a port for DAI (Option A). IP Source Guard (Option C) is another Layer 2 security feature that also depends on DHCP snooping but is not required to establish DAI trust. Static MAC learning (Option D) is unrelated to DAI trust behavior.
Therefore, once a port is configured as trusted for DHCP snooping,DAI implicitly trusts the port, making Option Bthe correct and fully verified answer based on FortiSwitchOS 7.6 documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 82
Refer to the exhibits.
Port1 and port2 are the only ports configured with the same native VLAN 10.
What are two reasons that can trigger port1 to shut down? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
When loop guard is enabled on port1 and port2 configured with the same native VLAN (VLAN 10), there are specific scenarios under which port1 can be shut down due to loop guard operation:
A).port1 was shut down by loop guard protection.Loop guard is a specific feature used in network environments to prevent alternative or redundant loops. When loop guard is active, it can shut down a port if it stops receiving BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) on a port that is expected to receive them, assuming a loop or link failure and putting the port into an inconsistent state to prevent potential loops.
B).STP triggered a loop and applied loop guard protection on port1.If the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) detects a loop or loss of BPDU transmissions while loop guard is enabled, it will proactively shut down the port to prevent network instability or a broadcast storm. This is an essential function of loop guard within the context of STP, providing additional protection against topology changes that could introduce loops.
References:
Additional details about loop guard functionality and STP interaction can be found in the FortiSwitch administration guides, accessible viaFortinet Documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 83
Refer to the exhibits.
All three FortiSwitch-connected ports are configured in VLAN 10. FortiGate acts as the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server and is connected to a DHCP snooping trusted trunk port. PC1 and PC2 are connected to ports configured as untrusted for Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), and no static bindings are configured in the IP source guard (IPSG) database. PC2 is compromised and attempts to spoof the FortiGate IP address by sending forged Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) replies with its own MAC address. What will FortiSwitch do with the ARP packets from PC2? (Choose one answer)
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to theFortiSwitchOS 7.6 Administration Guideand theFortiSwitch 7.6 Study Guide, Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI) is a security feature used to intercept, log, and discard ARP packets with invalid IP-to- MAC address bindings. DAI is primarily used to prevent "Man-in-the-Middle" attacks, such as ARP spoofing or ARP cache poisoning.
In this scenario, DAI is active on VLAN 10. When DAI is enabled, the FortiSwitch intercepts all ARP packets on untrusted ports and validates them against a trusted source-most commonly theDHCP snooping database
. As shown in the "DHCP Snooping database" exhibit, PC2 is correctly mapped to IP 10.0.10.30 and MAC 00:
09:0F:AB:00:0B.
When PC2 attempts to send a forged ARP reply claiming that IP 10.0.10.254 (the FortiGate's IP) is located at its own MAC address (00:09:0F:AB:00:0B), the FortiSwitch's DAI engine inspects the packet. It checks the DHCP snooping database for a binding that matches IP 10.0.10.254 to MAC 00:09:0F:AB:00:0B. Finding no such valid entry (because the database correctly identifies the MAC 00:09:0F:AB:00:0B as belonging to IP
10.0.10.30), the switch identifies the ARP packet as illegitimate.
Consequently, the FortiSwitch willdrop the ARP repliesbecause they fail the DAI validation check against the established DHCP snooping bindings. Option A is incorrect as DAI functions independently of IPSG once the database is populated. Option B is incorrect because "accepting" the spoofed packet is the opposite of DAI's purpose. Option C is incorrect because DAI is specifically designed to run on untrusted ports to protect the network from client-side attacks.
NEW QUESTION # 84
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