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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: EVPN Fundamentals | - EVPN architecture and control plane
|
| Topic 2: BGP EVPN Control Plane Operations | - Multi-homing scenarios
|
| Topic 3: Data Center Interconnect (DCI) | - Resiliency and convergence
|
| Topic 4: SR Linux Data Center Architecture | - SR Linux system fundamentals
|
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NEW QUESTION # 24
A host is connected to a MAC-VRF on leaf1 and leaf2. The MAC-VRF interfaces on leaf1 and leaf2 are associated to an Ethernet segment configured for active-standby multi-homing.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In active-standby, or single-active, Layer 2 EVPN multi-homing, only one PE is active for the Ethernet Segment and MAC-VRF at a time. Leaf1 and Leaf2 participate in DF election, and the elected DF becomes the active forwarding PE for that service attachment. Because this is not all-active multi-homing, the non-DF must not forward traffic to the host for the protected service. This prevents duplicate frames, incorrect MAC learning, and loops on the access side. The DF accepts traffic from the host and forwards BUM traffic received from remote PEs toward the host-facing segment. Option D is false because it claims that the non-DF can forward unicast traffic from remote PEs to the host. In single-active operation, remote peers must direct traffic to the active PE, and the standby PE remains ready to take over only after DF state changes. This is the operational distinction from all-active multi-homing, where more than one PE may be used for forwarding depending on the traffic type and aliasing behavior. Reference: single-active L2 EVPN multi-homing, DF role, non-DF forwarding suppression.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Consider the exhibit.
Which of the following statements about the configuration and operation of this setup is FALSE?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
This setup represents single-active Layer 2 EVPN multi-homing. In single-active mode, the Ethernet Segment is configured so that only one PE acts as the active forwarding node for a given service, while the other remains standby. The ports connecting to the host are associated with ES-1 so the EVPN control plane can perform Ethernet Segment discovery, DF election, and standby behavior. If Leaf1 is the active/DF node for the service, all traffic to and from the host flows through Leaf1 until a failure or DF transition occurs. Option D is false because a host LAG is not required for this single-active topology. A LAG is typically required for all-active L2 multi-homing, where the host must treat multiple physical links toward different leaf routers as one logical bundle. In single-active operation, the host can be connected through separate physical links or active/standby access behavior without requiring LACP bundling. The EVPN PEs enforce the active path selection through DF and ES state rather than relying on host-side LAG hashing. Reference: single-active EVPN multi-homing, Ethernet Segment port association, DF-controlled active forwarding.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following EVPN route-types is used to implement aliasing?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Aliasing is an EVPN multi-homing mechanism that allows remote PEs to send traffic to any eligible PE attached to the same Ethernet Segment, even if a specific MAC address was learned and advertised by only one of those PEs. This avoids a traffic bottleneck and enables load-sharing in all-active multi-homing designs. The route type used to implement this behavior is the Ethernet Auto-Discovery per EVI route, commonly referred to as AD per EVI. This route tells remote PEs that a given PE has reachability to a specific Ethernet Segment for a specific EVPN instance. When remote PEs receive these advertisements from multiple PEs for the same ESI and EVI, they can treat those PEs as valid next-hops for traffic toward that Ethernet Segment. Ethernet Segment routes support ES discovery and DF election, while IP/MAC routes advertise host MAC and optionally IP binding information. AD per ES routes are used for broader Ethernet Segment-level procedures, but aliasing at the service level relies on AD per EVI reachability. Reference: EVPN route type 1, AD per EVI, aliasing in all-active multi-homing.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Consider the exhibit.
All three leafs have an EVPN MP-BGP session with the route reflector in Spine-1. Leaf-2 and Leaf-3 have existing instances of an L2 EVPN named MAC VRF-1. Leaf-1 has just enabled a new instance of MAC VRF-1.
Which of the following steps is NOT taken when this new instance is enabled?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
When a new Layer 2 EVPN MAC-VRF instance is enabled, the PE advertises an Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tag route, commonly called an IMET route or EVPN route type 3. The IMET route is used to auto-discover remote PEs that participate in the same EVPN service and to build the BUM flooding list for that MAC-VRF. In this topology, all leaf routers peer with the route reflector on Spine-1. Leaf-1 therefore advertises its IMET route to the route reflector, not directly to Leaf-2 and Leaf-3. The route reflector then reflects the EVPN update to the other client leaves. Leaf-2 and Leaf-3 import the route based on matching route-target policy and add Leaf-1 to the replication list for broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast traffic. Option B is the step that is not taken because it incorrectly describes direct leaf-to-leaf EVPN advertisement. In a route-reflector design, the RR centralizes EVPN route distribution and avoids the need for a full mesh of MP-BGP EVPN sessions between leaves. Reference: EVPN RT-3 IMET route, route-reflector operation, BUM flooding-list auto-discovery.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Consider the exhibit.
Which of the following statements about the operation of all-active multi-homing is FALSE?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In an all-active Layer 2 EVPN multi-homing design, the host is normally dual-attached through a LAG to multiple leaf routers that share the same Ethernet Segment Identifier. Leaf1 and Leaf2 both participate in the Ethernet Segment and may receive traffic from the host. For BUM traffic sourced by the host, the host-side hashing can send frames toward either attached leaf. For BUM traffic sent from the EVPN overlay toward the multi-homed segment, DF election controls which PE forwards that replicated traffic toward the local Ethernet Segment to prevent duplicate delivery. The false statement is option B. A remote leaf such as Leaf3 does not simply enable ECMP on the MAC-VRF to load-balance traffic between Leaf1 and Leaf2. EVPN all-active forwarding uses Ethernet Segment discovery, Ethernet A-D routes, aliasing, and split-horizon procedures to determine valid next-hops and prevent loops. ECMP alone is an underlay or routing-table behavior; it is not the MAC-VRF mechanism that authorizes multi-homed L2 forwarding across an Ethernet Segment. Reference: all-active L2 EVPN multi-homing, Ethernet Segment association, DF election, aliasing.
NEW QUESTION # 29
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