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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Network O&M | 7% | - Routine maintenance - Data collection |
| Topic 2: Network Cutover | 7% | - Migration process - Basic cutover concepts |
| Topic 3: Network Troubleshooting | 10% | - Troubleshooting methods - Structured troubleshooting processes |
| Topic 4: Advanced Ethernet Technologies | 10% | - VLANs - Ethernet security |
| Topic 5: Advanced BGP Features | 10% | - Advanced BGP features - Route reflectors - Inter-domain routing optimization - BGP route control |
| Topic 6: IPv6 Routing | 20% | - IPv6 static routes - OSPFv3 - BGP4+ - IS-IS for IPv6 |
| Topic 7: MPLS Technologies | 19% | - MPLS configuration - MPLS forwarding - MPLS principles - MPLS VPN applications |
| Topic 8: Advanced IGP Features | 17% | - Route control - OSPF advanced features - Fast convergence - IS-IS advanced features |
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問題 #98
From this picture, we can judge
答案：C
問題 #99
When a fault occurs on an OSPF network, traffic can be switched to another path only after several phases. Sort these phases in the correct sequence.
答案：
解題說明：
Explanation:
When OSPF detects a failure in the network, it performs a series of actions to ensure traffic is rerouted to a valid path. The phases occur in this strict order:
* # Fault Detection (A)
* OSPF routers use Hello packets to maintain neighbor relationships.
* If a Hello timeout or link down is detected, the fault is immediately recognized.
* # LSA Update (B)
* Upon detecting a failure, the router generates a new LSA (e.g., a Router-LSA or Network-LSA) and floods it to all other routers in the same area.
* This LSA communicates the change in network topology.
* # Route Calculation (C)
* Each router that receives the updated LSAs runs the SPF algorithm to recompute the best path to every destination.
* # Entry Delivery to the FIB (D)
* After recalculating the routes, the router installs the new forwarding entries into the FIB (Forwarding Information Base) , allowing data to be forwarded along the new optimal path.
# Official Huawei Reference:
" OSPF convergence after a network failure consists of fault detection, LSA flooding, SPF calculation, and updating the FIB. Each step must be completed for traffic to resume correctly on alternate paths. "
- [Huawei HCIA-Datacom Certification Guide - Chapter: OSPF Convergence and SPF Algorithm]
問題 #100
On the network shown in the figure, the network administrator deploys DHCP snooping on the switch to defend against bogus DHCP server attacks.
Which of the following interfaces should be configured as the DHCP trusted interface?
答案：B
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding DHCP Snooping and Trusted/Untrusted Ports
1. What is DHCP Snooping?
* DHCP Snooping is a security feature that prevents rogue DHCP servers from providing unauthorized IP configurations to clients.
* It categorizes switch ports into:
* Trusted Ports: Allow DHCP Offer and ACK messages from a legitimate DHCP server.
* Untrusted Ports: Block unauthorized DHCP responses to prevent rogue DHCP attacks.
Analyzing the Network Setup in the Figure
Interface
Connected Device
DHCP Role
Should it be Trusted?
GE0/0/1
PC1 (DHCP Client)
Requests DHCP leases
# Untrusted
GE0/0/2
DHCP Server (Legitimate)
Provides DHCP leases
# Trusted
GE0/0/3
Web Server
Not involved in DHCP
# Untrusted
GE0/0/4
Bogus (Rogue) DHCP Server
Malicious DHCP Server
# Untrusted & Blocked
* GE0/0/2 is connected to the legitimate DHCP server, meaning it should be marked as a TRUSTED interface.
* GE0/0/4 connects to a bogus DHCP server, which must be UNTRUSTED to block unauthorized DHCP responses.
* GE0/0/1 (Client) and GE0/0/3 (Web Server) do not need to be trusted.
# Thus, the correct answer is: D. GE0/0/2.
Final Conclusion:
# GE0/0/2 should be configured as the trusted DHCP interface.# GE0/0/1 (Client) should remain untrusted.# GE0/0/3 (Web Server) does not need DHCP trust.# GE0/0/4 (Bogus DHCP Server) should be blocked.
Thus, the correct answer is: D. GE0/0/2.
問題 #101
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, OSPFv3 parameters use default values. The LSDB is checked on one of the devices. The router IDs of R1, R3, and R4 are 10.0.1.1, 10.0.3.3, and 10.0.4.4, respectively. The Origin Router part of some LSAs is hidden. Complete this part. (Tokens can be reused.)
答案：
解題說明：
Explanation:
LSAs and Their Origin Router Associations:
* Link-LSA: Origin Router = 10.0.1.1
* Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA: Origin Router = 10.0.4.4
* Network-LSA: Origin Router = 10.0.3.3
* Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA: Origin Router = 10.0.1.1
問題 #102
IS-IS is a link-state routing protocol that uses the SPF algorithm for route calculation. As shown in the figure, a campus deploys both IPv4 and IPv6 and runs IS-IS to achieve network interconnection. R2 only supports IPv4. Which of the following statements is true about the topology calculation of this network?
答案：B
問題 #103
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