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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Enterprise Firewall | - Authentication and identity - Security Fabric integration - Advanced firewall deployment - Routing and advanced networking - VPN technologies - Centralized management and analytics - Troubleshooting - High availability |
| Topic 2: SD-WAN | - Performance SLA - Deployment and troubleshooting - Application steering - Overlay VPN - SD-WAN routing - SD-WAN architecture |
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質問 # 33
Refer to the exhibits.
An OSPF peer is advertising route 172.16.52.0/24. The local FortiGate is configured with an inbound distribution list that allows the 172.16.0.0/16 network to be injected into its routing table. However, the 1 '
2.16.52.0/24 subnet cannot be seen in the FIB.
Which two stops can the administrator of the local FortiGate take to ensure that the advertised 172.16. 52.0/24 subnet will be injected into the routing table? (Choose two.)
正解：A、D
解説：
The issue is caused by the strict matching logic of the configured Prefix List.
Current State: The rule is edit 1 with set prefix 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 and both ge (greater than or equal) and le (less than or equal) are unset.
Behavior: When ge and le are unset, FortiOS requires an exact match of the subnet mask. The current rule only matches the exact network 172.16.0.0/16. It denies 172.16.52.0/24 because the mask (/24) does not match the rule ' s mask (/16).
To fix this and inject 172.16.52.0/24, you must modify the list to match the /24 mask:
A). Add another entry to the prefix list to specifically allow the 172.16.52.0/24 network:
Creating a new rule (e.g., edit 2) with set prefix 172.16.52.0 255.255.255.0 will provide an exact match for the incoming route, allowing it to pass the distribute-list.
B). Change the ge value to 17:
By configuring set ge 17 on the existing rule (conceptually 172.16.0.0/16 ge 17), you change the logic from " exact match " to " range match " .
This configuration tells the router to match any prefix starting with 172.16.x.x that has a subnet mask length of 17 or greater.
Since the incoming route is a /24, and 24 is greater than 17, the route will match the prefix list and be accepted.
Why other options are incorrect:
C: The option text appears to read " Change the ... value to 16 " . If this refers to le 16, it would enforce the mask to be exactly /16 or less, which still excludes /24.
D: Changing the default behavior to implicit allow defeats the purpose of a filter (security control) and is not a standard configuration step for fixing a single missing route.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (Routing): " In prefix-lists, if ge and le are not used, the subnet mask must match exactly. To match subnets within a range, you must define the prefix length boundaries using ge or le. "
質問 # 34
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time RADIUS debug.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two answers)
正解：A、B
解説：
The correct answers are A and D.
The debug output shows:
Sent RADIUS req to server ' RadiusServer ' : IP=172.25.188.164 ... user= " student " using CHAP Result for radius svr ' RadiusServer ' 172.25.188.164(0) is 0 Sending result 0 for req 2 The study guide explains that in RADIUS real-time debug, FortiGate shows the IP address of the RADIUS server it is querying. In the example, it says FortiGate "creates an access request to the RADIUS server at IP address 10.0.13.130" and shows the line Sent radius req to server ... IP=10.0.13.130 So in your exhibit, the queried server is clearly 172.25.188.164, which makes A correct.
The study guide also states:
"The message fnbamd_comm_send_result-Sending result 0 indicates that the authentication was successful and that FortiGate received the Access-Accept message." Since your exhibit also ends with Sending result 0, that makes D correct.
Why the other options are wrong:
B is wrong because result 0 means authentication successful, not failed C is wrong because the debug explicitly shows using CHAP, and the study guide lists supported RADIUS schemes as CHAP, PAP, MS-CHAP, and MS-CHAPv2 E is wrong because the study guide says two-factor authentication would involve an Access-Challenge response: "If two-factor authentication is enabled on the server, the response is an Access-Challenge message" Your exhibit shows successful result 0 / Access-Accept, not a challenge.
So the verified answers are: A, D.
質問 # 35
Refer to the exhibits.
FGT-1 is an area border router (ABR) that has interfaces in OSPF areas 0.0.0.0 and 0.0.0.5. FGT-3 acts as an autonomous system border router (ASBR), importing static routes into OSPF. FGT-2 is an internal router with all its interfaces belonging to area 0.0.0.5. FGT-1 is receiving all advertised routes from FGT-2, however, FGT-3 is not receiving any of the advertised routes from FGT-1. What is the most likely reason for this?
(Choose one answer)
正解：B
解説：
The get router info ospf database brief output on FGT-2 clearly indicates that Area 0.0.0.5 is configured as a
[Stub] area.
In OSPF, a Stub Area is specifically designed to reduce the size of the Link State Database (LSDB) on internal routers. The primary behavior of a Stub area is that it does not accept Type 5 (AS External) LSAs.
FGT-3 is the ASBR (Autonomous System Border Router) and is importing static routes, which are generated as Type 5 LSAs in the OSPF domain.
FGT-1 acts as the ABR (Area Border Router). Because Area 0.0.0.5 is a Stub area, FGT-1 blocks these Type
5 LSAs from entering Area 0.0.0.5.
Consequently, FGT-2 will not receive the specific external routes advertised by FGT-3. Instead, the ABR (FGT-1) injects a default route (0.0.0.0/0) into the Stub area to allow connectivity to the external world, which is visible in the database output.
While the question text mentions FGT-3 not receiving routes, the definitive configuration shown in the exhibit is the Stub area setting, which directly corresponds to the blocking of Type 5 LSA propagation (Option A).
質問 # 36
What are two reasons you might see iprope_in check () check failed, drop when using the debug How?
(Choose two.)
正解：A、D
解説：
The debug flow message iprope_in_check() check failed, drop specifically indicates a failure in the Local-In Policy check. The " iprope " (IP ROouting Policy Enforcement) engine handles policy lookups. The
_in_check suffix confirms that the decision is regarding traffic destined to the FortiGate itself (Local-In traffic), rather than traffic passing through it.
D). The packet was dropped because the requested service is not enabled on FortiGate:
This is the most common cause. When a packet arrives destined for the FortiGate ' s interface IP (e.g., an HTTPS or SSH request), the kernel checks if that specific service is enabled in the interface settings (set allowaccess). If the service is not enabled (e.g., trying to Ping an interface where PING access is disabled), the iprope_in_check function fails and drops the packet immediately.
C). The packet was dropped because the trusted host list is misconfigured:
Even if the service (e.g., HTTPS) is enabled on the interface, the FortiGate checks the Administrator settings.
If Trusted Hosts are configured, the source IP of the incoming packet is compared against the allowed list. If the IP is not on the list, the Local-In policy check (iprope_in_check) fails, and the packet is dropped to secure the management plane.
Why other options are incorrect:
A: If traffic is dropped by a standard Firewall Policy (traffic passing through the device from one interface to another), the debug message will typically state denied by policy x or no matching policy. It would generally be a forward check (iprope_fwd_check or similar), not an _in_check.
B: If there is no route to the source, the error is a Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) failure. The debug flow logs this explicitly as reverse path check fail, drop.
Reference:
FortiGate Troubleshooting Guide (Debug Flow): " The message iprope_in_check() check failed indicates the packet was denied by the Local-In policy. This occurs when traffic destined to the FortiGate is not allowed by the allowaccess configuration or is blocked by Trusted Host settings. "
質問 # 37
Refer to the exhibits.
The exhibits show the SD-WAN zone configuration of an SD-WAN template prepared on FortiManager and the policy package configuration.
When the administrator tries to install the configuration changes, FortiManager fails to commit.
What should the administrator do to fix the issue?
正解：B
解説：
The SD-WAN 7.6 Enterprise Administrator Study Guide explicitly states: "Firewall policies for SD-WAN traffic must reference SD-WAN zones and not individual members." In the exhibit, HUB1-VPN1 is an individual member of the HUB1 SD-WAN zone. However, policy 3 incorrectly uses HUB1-VPN1 as its outgoing interface. FortiManager cannot compile and commit that policy because an SD-WAN member cannot be referenced directly by an SD-WAN firewall policy. The administrator must change the policy's To interface from HUB1-VPN1 to its parent zone, HUB1.
Option C is incorrect because the guide specifically explains that an IPsec interface does not require normalization when it is used as an SD-WAN member: "SD-WAN members don't use normalized interfaces." The normalized LAN interface shown in the policy is appropriate because it maps the local interface for each managed FortiGate, but the overlay side must reference the HUB1 zone.
Option D remains invalid because it still references individual SD-WAN members. Option A does not correct the invalid outgoing-interface reference; policy 3 already uses the policy package installation targets.
質問 # 38
......
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