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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Secondary Assessment | 5–9% | - Symptom assessment and history taking - Focused history and physical exam - Vital signs and monitoring |
| Scene Size-Up and Safety | 15–19% | - Scene assessment and safety protocols - Hazard recognition and management - Mechanism of injury / nature of illness |
| Primary Assessment | 39–43% | - Initial patient assessment - Identification and management of life-threatening conditions - General patient impression and priority determination - Airway, breathing, and circulation management |
| Patient Treatment and Transport | 20–24% | - Communication with receiving facilities - Patient packaging and transport procedures - Medication administration and protocols - Medical and trauma care interventions |
| EMS Operations | 10–14% | - EMS system roles and responsibilities - Documentation and legal aspects - Emergency vehicle operations and safety - Incident command and multiple-casualty situations |
The NREMT Practice Test engine included with EMT exam questions simulates the actual EMT examinations. This is excellent for familiarizing yourself with the Emergency Medical Technicians Exam and learning what to expect on test day. You may also use the NREMT EMT online practice test engine to track your progress and examine your answers to determine where you need to improve on the EMT exam.
NEW QUESTION # 93
When treating a patient suspected of having tuberculosis, you should
Answer: A
Explanation:
For suspected or confirmed tuberculosis (TB), the EMT should place a surgical mask on the patient, not a HEPA respirator. Surgical masks are used to contain droplets from the patient and reduce airborne transmission.
The EMT should wear a N95 or HEPA respirator to protect against inhaling airborne particles. Notification to the CDC is not the EMT's responsibility - that falls to public health officials.
References:
CDC Guidelines for TB Exposure in Prehospital Settings
NREMT Infectious Disease Control Protocols
National EMS Education Standards - Airborne Pathogens and PPE Use
NEW QUESTION # 94
What characteristics of the pediatric airway are different from the adult airway?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Compared to adults, pediatric patients have:
* A proportionately larger tongue, which increases the risk of airway obstruction
* A larger occiput, which causes natural neck flexion when lying supine, potentially occluding the airway This anatomical difference is why EMS providers often use a shoulder roll instead of a head tilt to maintain a neutral airway in infants and toddlers.
References:
NREMT Pediatric Airway Management Standards
AHA PALS Manual - Pediatric Anatomy and Airway Considerations
National EMS Education Standards - Pediatric Assessment and Airway Anatomy
NEW QUESTION # 95
A 3-year-old patient has drooling and stridor. The vital signs are BP 82/40, P 132, R 34, SpO# 94%, and T
102.4°F (39.1°C). Which of the following interventions should the EMT perform?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct answer is D. Apply humidified oxygen.
This pediatric patient presents with:
Drooling
Stridor
Fever (102.4°F)
These are classic signs of epiglottitis, a life-threatening upper airway infection.
Critical Concept: DO NOT agitate or manipulate the airway
In suspected epiglottitis:
The airway is severely inflamed and unstable
Any attempt to visualize, suction, or insert an airway adjunct can cause:
Sudden airway closure
Complete obstruction
NREMT-aligned guidance states:
"Avoid examining the airway in patients with suspected epiglottitis."
"Do not insert airway adjuncts or suction unless absolutely necessary." Why D is correct:
Humidified oxygen helps improve oxygenation without irritating the airway It is the safest and most appropriate intervention Keep the child calm and in a position of comfort Why the other options are incorrect:
A). Visualize the airway # Dangerous; may cause airway collapse
B). Suction posterior pharynx # Can trigger complete obstruction
C). Insert an oropharyngeal airway # Contraindicated in this condition
Exact Extracts (NREMT-aligned EMT educational references):
"Drooling, stridor, and fever suggest epiglottitis."
"Do not place anything in the mouth."
"Provide oxygen and avoid agitating the child."
Clinical Priority Summary:
In suspected epiglottitis, the priority is to maintain a calm environment and provide oxygen without airway manipulation, making D the correct answer.
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Airway, Respiration & Ventilation (Pediatrics) NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP) AAOS Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured (NREMT-aligned)
NEW QUESTION # 96
A patient is having an asthmatic attack. The EMT receives orders from medical control to assist with the patient ' s inhaler. What are the expected side effects of this medication? Select the three correct options.
Answer: A,C,F
Explanation:
Albuterol, a common beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in inhalers, stimulates bronchial smooth muscle relaxation. However, stimulation of beta receptors can also produce systemic effects such as:
* Tachycardia (due to beta-1 cross-reactivity)
* Nervousness (from central stimulation)
* Coughing (a local airway response)
Confusion and drowsiness are not typical side effects of beta-agonists. Hypotension is rare unless severe overdose occurs.
References:
NREMT Scope of Practice Model - Medication Administration
American Heart Association BLS and ACLS Drug List
"Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured" (AAOS, 11th ed.), Chapter on Respiratory Emergencies
NEW QUESTION # 97
An 86-year-old patient involved in a motor vehicle collision struck a knee on the dashboard. What injuries are most associated with the knee impacting the dashboard? Select the two answer options that are correct.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The correct answers are B. Femur fracture and E. Posterior hip dislocation.
This mechanism is classically known as a "dashboard injury", where the knee strikes the dashboard during a motor vehicle collision. The force is transmitted along the femur toward the hip.
Why B is correct (Femur fracture):
The force applied to the knee travels up the femur, which can result in:
* Femoral shaft fractures
* Significant internal bleeding
NREMT trauma guidance states:
* "High-energy impacts to the lower extremities can result in femur fractures." Why E is correct (Posterior hip dislocation):
Dashboard injuries commonly cause:
* Posterior displacement of the femoral head from the acetabulum
* This occurs when the femur is driven backward while the hip is flexed NREMT-aligned content:
* "A blow to the knee in a seated position can result in posterior hip dislocation." Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Tibia fracture: More commonly associated with direct lower leg trauma, not classic dashboard mechanism.
* C. Ruptured peritoneum: Not a typical injury from this mechanism.
* D. Rupture of the bladder: More associated with pelvic fractures, not isolated dashboard knee impact.
Exact Extracts:
* "A dashboard injury can transmit force up the femur causing hip dislocation."
* "Posterior hip dislocation is commonly associated with knee impact in MVCs."
* "Femur fractures are common in high-energy trauma."
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Trauma (Musculoskeletal Injuries)
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP) - Trauma Emergencies Prehospital Emergency Care (EMT) - Mechanisms of Injury and Trauma Assessment
NEW QUESTION # 98
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